Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway can inhibit the immune escape of tumor cells to a certain extent so as to achieve the effect of immunotherapy. However, However, the current small molecule inhibitor has poor druggability, and there is no recognized small molecule inhibiting the PD-1 / PD-L1 binding protein level or cellular level evaluation model in the academic circles. Our previous study confirmed that the combination of electrochemical analysis and advanced functional nanomaterials can be used to screen anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, this project assumes that the nanocomposite films synthesized by nanotechnology and layer-by-layer self-assembly have controlled surface morphology, good biocompatibility and high conductivity, and can be used as HEK293-PD-1 Cell immobilization on the surface of the electrode and electron transfer enhancer; combined with high sensitivity, fast response and low cost of electrochemical analysis technology, the establishment of a new screening method: through the detection of small molecule drug PD-1 / PD -L1 binding can lead to the change of the electrochemical signal of the modified electrode, which can be used as an inhibitor of the PD-1 / PD-L1 signaling pathway to screen active ingredients from natural medicine, which is of great significance for promoting the progress of immunotherapy. In addition, this project not only solves the bottleneck problem of electrochemical analysis, but also provides new ideas and new methods for the drug screening field, providing a scientific basis for the application and promotion of small molecule inhibitors of PD-1 / PD-L1 signaling pathway.
封闭PD-1/PD-L1信号通路可以在一定程度上抑制肿瘤细胞发生免疫逃逸,但目前的小分子抑制剂成药性差,学界也无公认的小分子抑制PD-1/PD-L1结合的蛋白、细胞水平评价模型。前期研究证实结合电化学分析技术和先进功能纳米材料可以实现抗肿瘤药物的筛选。由此,本项目假设:采用纳米技术和自组装法合成的纳米复合膜,表面形貌可控、生物相容性和导电性良好,可作为超表达PD-L1的HEK293细胞固定于电极表面的载体和电子传递促进剂;再结合灵敏度高、响应快的电化学分析技术,建立一种新的筛药方法:通过检测小分子药物作用下PD-1/PD-L1结合受到抑制时引起电化学信号的改变,可以实现从天然药物中筛选出活性成分作为该信号通路的抑制剂,对于推动免疫治疗的进展具有重大意义。此外,本项目在解决电化学分析技术瓶颈问题的同时,也为药物筛选方法提供新思路,为PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂的应用和推广提供科学依据。
PD-1/PD-L1是肿瘤免疫治疗中最重要的抑制性免疫检查点之一,但目前针对该通路的小分子抑制剂尚未进入临床,学界也无公认的PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂筛选方法。本项目在前期基础上提出了以电化学传感为核心的研究药物和PD-1/PD-L1相互作用的新方法,并从天然药物中筛选出活性成分作为PD-1/PD-L1的小分子抑制剂。研究首先探索了氮掺杂石墨烯、铂纳米粒子、聚苯胺的纳米复合材料合成及组装方法,评价其生物相容性及电化学性能;优化PD-1、PD-L1超表达细胞构建条件;利用纳米复合材料有效固定PD-1、PD-L1超表达细胞,完成了细胞基电化学传感器的制备,以阿替利珠和DMSO为阳性和阴性对照,成功建立了研究药物和PD-1/PD-L1超表达细胞相互作用新方法,测定了结合常数。进一步,探索了金纳米粒子与生物材料的自组装方法,通过PD-1和PD-L1、抗体和蛋白的特异性识别作用,开发了免疫电化学传感平台,以阿替利珠和DMSO作为阳性和阴性对照,构建了研究药物和PD-1/PD-L1蛋白相互作用的新方法,测定了结合常数。最后利用上述建立的新方法筛选了18种天然产物,发现人参皂甙Rg1能抑制PD-1和PD-L1结合。这两种方法的结果可以相互确认和互补,完全满足不同水平下对PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂的筛选要求。此外,本项目在解决电化学分析技术瓶颈问题的同时,也为药物筛选方法提供新思路,能够加快PD-1/PD-L1通路的小分子抑制剂的筛选,降低实验成本,为PD-1/PD-L1小分子抑制剂的应用和推广提供科学依据,对于推动免疫治疗的进展具有重大意义。在项目执行期间,培养了硕士研究生3名,发表了科研论文5篇,其中SCI收录论文3篇。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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