双绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机振动与噪声的研究

By integrating motor rotation and auto-suspension functions, Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor (BSRM) is on the current frontier of high-speed motor research field. BSRM solves the problem of rotor steady bearing when the Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) rotates at a high speed, so it has unique advantages in the field of aerial high-speed and super high-speed motors. However, as a special SRM, BSRM is facing the problem of vibrations and noises. From the angle of motor design and control methods, this project centers on the research of vibration and noise problems that BSRM is facing. The research covers the following items: optimizing the construction of BSRM from the angle of reducing vibration and noises; studying the relations between vibration noises and two-winding magnetomotive force to find the method for reducing vibration and noises on BSRM, including the method during the phase shift and when the phase is enabled; establishing a non-linear motor model of the motor to study the initiative compensation and damping functions that BSRM imposes on the asymmetric radial magnetic pull, so as to further reduce noises; researching trial samples, exploring and implementing low-noise operation of BSRM. The BSRM vibration and noise study in this project lays a theoretical foundation for enhancing the application features of BSRM in aerospace, military and civil high-speed fields, as well as exploring new application fields.

无轴承开关磁阻电机（BSRM）集转子旋转与自悬浮功能于一体，是目前高速电机研究领域的前沿。其可以解决开关磁阻电机（SRM）在高速运转时的转子支撑轴承问题，在航空高速、超高速起动发电机领域有独特优势。但作为一种特殊的开关磁阻电机，振动和噪声是BSRM面临的新问题。本项目从本体设计和控制方法两个角度出发，系统研究双绕组BSRM的振动和噪声。研究内容包括：从减振降噪的角度对BSRM本体进行优化设计；研究振动噪声与两套绕组磁势之间的关系，从而找到利于双绕组BSRM减振降噪的控制方法，包括换相控制方法以及相开通期间的控制方法；建立转子轴系非线性动力学模型，研究悬浮控制绕组对不对称径向磁拉力的主动补偿和阻尼作用，以期进一步减小噪声；研制试验样机，探索和实现BSRM的低噪声运行。本项目研究的双绕组BSRM的振动和噪声，为进一步强化其在航空航天、军事和民用等高速领域的应用特色和拓展新的应用领域奠定理论基础

本课题从本体设计和控制方法两个角度出发，系统研究双绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机(BSRM)的振动和噪声。主要研究内容包括：从定子和转子两方面入手对BSRM本体进行优化设计，提出了两种可实现转矩和悬浮力解耦的BSRM新结构；研究振动噪声与两套绕组磁势之间的关系，提出一种利于双绕组BSRM减振降噪的控制方法；分析转子质量偏心对电机悬浮性能的影响，设计了基于坐标变换和低通滤波器的偏心补偿控制方法；针对BSRM凸极结构和开关电源供电方式带来的换相振动噪声问题，研究了BSRM换相控制方法;另一方面，考虑到虚位移法建立串励式无轴承开关磁阻发电机（BSRG）数学模型时，推导过程复杂，计算量庞大，从麦克斯韦应力法角度出发，建立了串励式BSRG的悬浮力模型；此外，为结合下一步BSRM的研究需求，探索了BSRM的多种混合结构形式；同时，对无轴承开关磁阻电机计及磁场耦合特性的的电磁设计方法进行了研究，提出了设计方法。