多元文化传播视野下的皖-赣-湘-鄂地区民间书院衍化、传承与保护研究

“Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan, Hubei” has historically been a flourishing social educated area and has profound humanistic foundation. Civil education organization as the important complement of official education organization has once sustained to play an important role in this region. The large number of folk academies that has hitherto been distributed in the routes of multi-cultural-communication surely belong to a special heritage ethnic group. Based on multi-cultural-communication perspective, the program choose the folk academies in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan, Hubei region where have extreme rich humanistic and geographical information and construction activities as the research objects. Following are main contents of the research： ①To do in-depth research on the folk academy type, architectural patterns and distribution situation, in the hope of outlining the pattern and distribution panorama of the folk academies in this area. ② To investigate the relevance and the evolution mechanism between folk academy architecture and regional culture and communication factors from aspects of scholar mobility, migration movements and origin of official education. ③To find out the historical actions and contemporary inspiration of the folk academy education forms and its space environment, in view of the correspondence relation of folk academy architecture and cultural communication. ④To figure out “Material Heritage” and “Intangible Heritage” mutually-promote conservation tactics and summarizing the conservation paradigm of the special heritage group through case study on folk academy conservation. .The program pays attention to the multi-context of cultural communication and historical-“warp and weft” of civil education organizations, and explore the relevance and evolution of folk academies from time and space. To figure out the utilization and application strategy of the historical experience in the new period, and supplying a deficiency of study on the history of China educational architecture, the program is of great significance.

“皖赣湘鄂”历史上一直是社会教化兴盛、人文底蕴深厚的区域，作为官学重要补充的民间教育组织曾持续发挥重要作用。至今分布在多元文化传播路径上的大量民间书院是具特殊性的遗产族群。本项目基于多元文化传播视野，选取人文及地理信息丰富且营建活动活跃的皖赣湘鄂地区民间书院为研究对象，①对该区域民间书院类型、形制及分布状况深入调研，以期清晰勾勒该区域民间书院形态分布全景图；②从学者流动、移民运动、官学渊源等方面探索民间书院与地域文化、传播因素的关联性及其衍化机制；③鉴于书院建筑与文化传播方式的对应关系，探寻民间书院教育形式和空间环境的历史作用与现代启示；④结合书院保护案例，探讨“物遗”与“非遗”结合的联动保护策略并总结此类遗产族群保护范式。 本项目关注文化传播的多元脉络及民间教育组织的历史经纬，从时、空两方面探讨民间书院的关联和衍化，对于探寻历史经验在当代借鉴与利用，补缺中国教育建筑史研究，均具重要意义。

本项目按照研究计划，至2020年末顺利完成既定的研究任务。我们的研究主要基于多元文化传播视角，选取人文及地理信息极为丰富、传统营建活动相当活跃的皖、赣、湘、鄂地区为研究区域，对分布其间的民间书院及相关内容进行深入系统的调查、梳理与研究，厘清书院建筑在该地区的历史与现实状态、关联性与演化特征，探究相应的保护与利用策略等问题。.本研究在文献研究及“皖-赣-湘-鄂”地区田野调查基础上展开，关注民间书院类型、形制及其衍化特征，并以多元文化传播为视角，对区域内的民间书院遗产族群展开一系列关联研究。项目从地形地貌、微气候、地方资源等方面对该地民间书院形态进行关联研究；从地域文化因素与传播类型视角，据学者流动足迹、移民运动、官学渊源等方面，探索非物质文化与物质文化的相互衍化和结合关系；探寻作为官学补充的民间书院及民间文化传播形式的当代意义；结合现状、案例寻求传统民间书院的保护与利用策略。本研究基于多元文化传播理念，从典型书院的类型与特征入手，探究民间书院建筑的地理与文化的关联性与演变机制；探讨民间书院的多维内涵，建立与非遗（国学文化、科举制度等）相联动的系统；梳理民间书院分布的历史路径，以及历史时期至当代的变迁状况，在时间纵轴上展现书院建筑与环境在该地区的文化状态、衍化特征及其内在动因，从而进一步把握文化传播的多元历史脉络以及社会文化教育组织形式的历史经纬。本项目是对地方建筑史研究的进一步完善，也是对中国教育建筑史研究的重要补缺，为当代及后世完善社会教育形态提供历史参照。.从研究成果看，本课题达到了既定的研究目标，并在此基础上可以持续进行相关内容的研究。