微小型金属薄壳谐振陀螺驻波稳定与耦合抑制研究

Metal shell vibratory gyroscope is a kind of vibratory gyroscope based on Coriolis effects, and is widespread used because of strong ability to adapt the environment and wide dynamic range. But in the high dynamic circumstances (overload bigger than 15000g, angular velocity higher than 3600 deg/s), carrier space is restricted. There is an urgent need for a micro metal shell vibratory gyroscope that is smaller than φ10×9mm in size and be adapted to this environment. This gyro’s standing wave stability and coupling suppression is the bottleneck that restricts its development. This application is based on the previous research for conventional high dynamic metal shell vibratory gyroscope, and analyzes the sensitive mechanism of micro metal shell resonators, determines its overall configuration, establishes its dynamic characterization, and explores the influence of micro metal shell resonator’s standing wave stability. It reveals the structural vibration characteristics and electromechanical characteristics of resonator, and studies the mechanical coupling and circuit coupling suppression methods for the micro size, realizes the standing wave stability and coupling suppression, and develops a prototype machine to solve the problem of angular velocity measurement under the constraints of high dynamic carrier micro size. The research results can satisfy the measurement requirements for smart bullet, guided munition, oil drilling, vehicle stage separation, hypersonic vehicle and so on, provide strong support for carrier’s navigation and control in above fields, and have important theoretical signification and application value.

金属薄壳谐振陀螺是一种基于哥氏效应原理的振动陀螺，具有环境适应能力强、动态范围宽的特点而应用广泛。由于高动态载体（过载≥15000g、转速≥3600°/s）空间约束，迫切需要尺寸≤φ10×9mm的微小型金属薄壳谐振陀螺。而该类陀螺的驻波稳定与耦合抑制，是制约其发展的瓶颈。本申请在前期常规尺寸高动态金属薄壳谐振陀螺的研究基础上，分析微小型金属薄壳谐振子的敏感机理，确定其整体构型，建立其动力学表征，探究影响微小型金属薄壳谐振子驻波稳定的因素，揭示其结构振动特性与机电特性，研究微小尺寸下的机械耦合与电路耦合抑制方法，实现驻波稳定与耦合抑制，研制出原理样机，解决高动态载体微小尺寸空间约束下角速率测量难题。研究成果可满足智能子弹、制导弹药、石油钻探、飞行器级间分离、高超声速飞行器等角速率测量需求，为该领域载体的导航与控制提供有力支撑，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

背景：金属薄壳谐振陀螺是一种基于哥氏效应原理的振动陀螺，具有环境适应能力强、动态范围宽的特点而应用广泛。而该类陀螺的驻波稳定与耦合抑制，是制约其发展的瓶颈。.研究内容：分析了谐振子敏感机理，确定其整体构型，建立了其动力学表征；探究了影响谐振子驻波稳定的因素；揭示了其结构振动特性与机电特性；研究微小尺寸下的机械耦合与电路耦合抑制方法。. 重要结果：.（1）建立了微小型金属薄壳谐振子的动力学模型，得到了微小型金属薄壳谐振子的结构参数；.（2）揭示了微小型谐振子的结构振动特性与机电特性；.（3）形成了微小型金属薄壳谐振陀螺的耦合抑制方法；.（4）研制出面向高动态环境的微小型金属薄壳谐振陀螺样机；.（5）发表学术论文8篇，其中SCI论文4篇；.（6）申请发明专利6项，其中1项已授权，登记计算机软件著作权4项；.（7）签订《高动态金属薄壳谐振陀螺仪》专著出版合同；.（8）已毕业硕士研究生2人，在读研究生1名；1人获2021年北京自动化学会优秀研究生；.（9）项目负责人晋升正高职称；获2019年北京市科技新星项目资助；获2020年北京市高校优秀共产党员；获2021-2023年度北京市科协青年人才托举工程资助；获2021年北京市应急管理领域青年学科带头人；.（10）获行业奖4项。. 科学意义：研究成果可满足智能子弹、制导弹药、石油钻探、飞行器级间分离、高超声速飞行器等角速率测量需求，为该领域载体的导航与控制提供有力支撑，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。