小型化核磁共振陀螺噪声的特性及其抑制技术研究

Mini nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope (mNMRG) is a promising component in new inertial navigation system due to its high precision, small size, low power consumption and strong stability. Noise is directly related to the precision and performance of mNMRG. Due to the limited volume of mNMRG, interaction between different components can not be neglected, so the propagation and influence from noise to gyro signal are complex, but the study about such aspect is far from sufficient. So in this project, we focus on the noise in mNMRG: through experimental measurement and theoretical analysis, we first study the characteristic of noise from the integrated mNMRG and separate noise components respectively, and build up their power spectrum models. Then, considering the real physics and the signal processing in mNMRG, we build a noise transfer model, which can be used to investigate the performance and structure of mNMRG. Finally, with the help of these theoretical models and experimental data, we establish a feasible methods to realize noise suppression. Generally, the successful completion of this project can benefit the structure design, the noise suppression and the performance improvement of the latest generation mNMRG both theoretically and experimentally.

小型化核磁共振陀螺具有精度高、体积小、功耗低、稳定性强等优势，是新一代惯性导航系统的核心部件之一。噪声对小型化核磁共振陀螺精度与性能的提高有直接影响。小型化核磁共振陀螺结构复杂，噪声来源较多；又由于体积限制，各器件之间存在较强耦合，噪声在陀螺系统中的传递以及对陀螺信号的影响十分复杂，目前还缺乏深入细致的研究工作。因此，本项目针对小型化核磁共振陀螺的噪声问题展开工作：首先通过实验测量与理论分析，研究陀螺总体噪声以及各器件单独的噪声特性，建立噪声功率谱模型；然后，通过小型化核磁共振陀螺系统结构与信号传递过程，构建与陀螺性能直接相关、能够反映小型化核磁共振陀螺结构特性的噪声传递模型；最后，结合理论模型与实验数据，研究适用于小型化核磁共振陀螺的噪声抑制方案。本项目的实施可以为新一代小型化核磁共振陀螺的结构设计、噪声抑制、性能改进等提供理论和实验支持。

小型化核磁共振陀螺具有精度高、体积小、功耗低、稳定性强等优势，是新一代惯性导航系统的核心部件之一。噪声对其精度与性能的提高有直接影响。因此本项目研究了陀螺总体以及各器件单独的噪声特性，建立了陀螺系统仿真模型与噪声传递模型，并借此分析了系统各来源噪声对陀螺信号的影响规律，进而从陀螺磁场结构、温控系统、光路结构等硬件设计方面，以及FPGA闭环控制、锁相环响应特性、光检信号预处理等软件算法方面改进优化了陀螺系统，提高了陀螺信号质量，可为新一代小型化核磁共振陀螺的结构设计、噪声抑制、性能改进等提供理论和实验支持。其间发表相关学术论文13篇，申请国家发明专利8项。