基于星载合成孔径雷达与地基多普勒激光雷达的海洋风力发电机尾流三维多尺度探测研究

Offshore wind turbine wake has significant impacts on efficiency of power output,fatigue load of turbines, as well as potential influence on local marine-atmosphere environment. Therefore, studies of offshore wind turbine waks have significant importance for offsore wind farm layout optimization, operation saftey and environment evaluation. Along with rapid growth of offshore wind farm, studies of wind turbine wake are being paid increasing attention. The proposed project is dedicated to studying the three-dimensional and multi-scale characteristics of wind turbine wake of the first large-scale offshore wind farm in China, i.e. the DongHai Bridge offshore wind farm, based on spaceborne Syntheic Aperture Radar (SAR) and ground-based Doppler Lidar. By using the new-generation spaceborne SAR with high spatial resolution and the retrieved sea surface wind field, parameters of wind turbine wake are derived and its two-dimensional characteristics in multi-scale are consequently stuied. The ground-based Doppler Lidar is set to detect wind profile and two-dimensional wind field to study the three-dimensional characteristics of wind turbine wake. Synergic experiments using spaceborne SAR and ground-based Doppler Lidar are conducted to study three-dimensional characteristics of wind turbine wake, which aims to reveal the spatial evolution rules and mechanisms of offshore wind turbine wake propagation from turbine height to sea surface and from generation point to near wake and far wake regions.

海洋风力发电机尾流直接影响发电效率和风机疲劳载荷，并对局部海洋、大气环境有潜在影响，因此尾流的研究对海洋风力发电场优化布局、安全运行及环境评估具有重要意义。随着海洋风电建设的迅猛发展，尾流研究日益受到关注。本研究立足我国第一座大型海洋风力发电场-东海大桥风电场，旨在综合利用星载合成孔径雷达和地基多普勒激光雷达开展尾流三维多尺度探测研究。利用具有高空间分辨率的新一代星载合成孔径雷达及其反演的海面风场，提取尾流特征参数，研究尾流多尺度二维空间特征和变化规律。利用多普勒激光雷达探测一维风廓线和二维海洋风场，研究尾流三维中小尺度时空特征。开展星载合成孔径雷达和多普勒激光雷达的协同观测实验，刻画尾流三维多尺度时空特征，揭示尾流从起源点至海面、从尾流产生点至近尾流区,再达远尾流区的三维空间演变规律与机理。

海洋风力发电机尾流直接影响发电效率和风机疲劳载荷，并对局部海洋、大气环境有潜在影响，因此尾流的研究对海洋风力发电场优化布局、安全运行及环境评估具有重要意义。随着海洋风电建设的迅猛发展，尾流研究日益受到关注。本项目利用星载孔径雷达和地基多普勒激光雷达开展海洋风机尾流探测研究。基于星载合成孔径雷达，我们主要开展了海面风条纹成像机理规律、海洋风机尾流空间形态特征研究和国产高分三号海面风场反演研究等，实现了利用星载SAR数据、海面风场反演数据获取海洋风机尾流特征信息。在东海大桥海洋风电场、江苏如东海洋风电场开展了两次星载合成孔径雷达-多普勒激光雷达联合探测实验，建立了基于多普勒激光雷达测量提取尾流水平和垂直特征信息的方法和技术，实现了基于多勒普激光雷达和星载合成孔径雷达提取风机尾流在不同空间尺度上的特征信息。在该项目中，我们获取了重要的星载SAR数据、多普勒激光雷达海洋风机尾流数据以及与之时空匹配的多源观测数据。这些研究成果的取得，对于更深入地理解海洋风机尾流动力学具有重要理论指导意义，对于海洋风力发电优化具有重要实际应用价值。