南海北部自由生活线虫分类和多样性研究

Free-living marine nematodes are the most advantage group in the ocean meiofauna, usually there are millions of nematodes in every square meter of the sediment. They can occupy different trophic levels, and play an important role in energy flow and material cycle in benthic ecosystem. The free-living nematodes from the South China Sea have still not well studied in our country. This project intends to carry out the research of classification and diversity of free-living nematodes in the northern region of South China Sea by using of morphological features, aided by molecular biology technology and other methods, based on quantitative sampling survey and the ecological analysis. We want to find out the species composition, distribution and diversity characteristics of free-living nematodes in the northern region of South China Sea. At the same time, we will classify and identify all found nematodes, complete descriptions for about 350 kinds of common and dominant species, discover and publish some new and endemic species from these habitats. The research results will provide the raw data for the biodiversity cataloguing of free-living marine nematodes and chinese zoography. At the same time, The study results will provide scientific basis for research of marine biodiversity, development and utilization of the marine biological resources, monitoring and protecting of marine benthic environmental in our country.

在丰度和多样性上自由生活线虫是海洋小型底栖生物中最优势的类群，通常每平方米的海底沉积物中含有上百万条，它们占据不同的营养级，在底栖生态系统能量流动和物质循环中发挥着重要作用。南海具有丰富的生物多样性资源，但我国尚没有对南海自由生活线虫进行系统深入的研究，对线虫鉴定分类是线虫研究中最重要的基础工作。本研究拟开展南海北部海区自由生活线虫的分类和多样性研究，在定量采样调查,小型底栖生物类群组成、丰度、生物量等生态学分析的基础上，利用形态学特征，辅助以分子生物学技术手段对该海区自由生活线虫进行分类研究，查清我国南海自由生活线虫的种类组成、群落结构和多样性特征，分类鉴定所发现的线虫种类，给出南海自由生活线虫的种名录，完成优势种类和常见种类约350种的描述，发现并发表部分特有种和新物种，完善我国线虫区系及物种多样性特征资料，为我国海洋生物多样性研究，线虫志的编撰及海洋底栖环境质量监测提供科学依据。

项目组按照研究计划和研究内容，对南海中北部小型底栖生物和自由生活线虫开展了详细的调查采样，认真的分选制片和科学严谨的分类工作，高质量完成了研究任务，实现了预期研究目标，基本查清了南海北部自由生活线虫的丰度、生物量、种类组成和多样性特征，鉴定南海自由生活线虫360余种，建立新属1个，发表新种14个，发表SCI 论文12篇，出版专著1部，总结出了南海自由生活线虫种名录，为我国海洋线虫生物多样性编目，为中国动物志-中国海域自由生活海洋线虫卷的编写提供了第一手资料,同时，为我国海洋生物资源的利用和保护提供了基础资料和数据信息。