不确定条件下陆用多平台协同指挥与决策研究

With the increasing complexity of the battlefield, ground-based weapon system is facing a lot of uncertainty. Usually, heterogeneous multi-land platform can be used to complete tasks of deployment, detection and combat, and under these circumstances, this proposal is conducted to figure out the cooperative command decision-making and optimization method of multi-platform, which can be applied to uncertain environment. The specific contents of this proposal are as follows: first, the multi-platform cooperative deployment problem is studied, and based on the uncertain conditions in wartime, such as sensors, weapons, incoming targets, combat environment and so on, the dynamic cooperative deployment model of multi-platform is constructed. Secondly, the self-organization method of heterogeneous multi-land platform architecture, which can be adapted to different tasks and platforms, is proposed, and the distributed hierarchical flexible architecture based on cooperative task group is constructed. Besides, according to various types of constraints and indexes, the cooperative target allocation model based on robust / stochastic optimization method is established, and a fast and effective optimization method is designed. Thirdly, after different risk preferences of decision makers are fully considered, the decision evaluation system is established by the risk management modeling method, a set of alternative decision scenarios are given, and the evaluation results are fed back to the design and construction stage of the model and algorithm. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the decision-making scheme are verified by the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system with distributed interactive technology.

随着战场复杂程度不断提高，陆用武器系统面临了诸多不确定性。本项目以异构多陆用平台协同完成部署、探测、打击等任务为背景，研究适应于不确定对抗环境下的多平台协同指挥决策与优化方法。具体研究如下：首先，在考虑战时传感器、武器、来袭目标、作战环境等方面不确定条件的基础上，研究多平台协同部署问题，构建陆用多平台动态协同部署模型；其次，研究提出适应于不同任务、平台情况的异构多陆用平台体系结构自组织方法，构建基于协同任务群组的分布式层次型柔性体系结构；群组内则在对多类型约束和指标表征的基础上，建立基于鲁棒/随机优化方法的协同目标分配模型，设计快速有效的优化求解方法。再次，充分考虑决策者的不同风险偏好，利用风险管理建模方法建立决策方案评价体系，给出一族备选决策方案集，并将评价结果反馈至模型和算法的设计构建阶段。最终，通过基于分布式交互技术构建的半实物仿真验证系统，验证决策方案的可行性和有效性。

随着战场复杂程度不断提高，陆用武器系统面临了诸多不确定性。本项目以异构多陆用平台协同完成部署、探测、打击等任务为背景，研究适应于不确定对抗环境下的多平台协同指挥决策与优化方法。具体研究成果如下：.首先，针对探测单元探测概率和火力单元毁伤概率具有参数区间已知但参数分布未知的情况，研究了探测与火力单元协同部署的鲁棒优化问题。将最小化部署资源成本作为优化目标，以保证对来袭目标一定打击程度作为约束条件，建立了探测与火力单元协同部署模型。针对模型中难以处理的鲁棒非线性约束，提出了一种线性近似方法，实现了对鲁棒非线性约束的松弛，并求得约束松弛下的近似最优解。.其次，针对当下复杂作战任务在任务组组成的异构性，以及任务组形成的动态性方面的需求，本项目研究了一类任务约束下的异构群组划分及动态重构问题。问题模型以收益和开销为优化目标，通过一种引入了子群组的启发式方法进行求解。针对群组内要对多类型约束和指标表征，建立了基于鲁棒/随机优化方法的协同目标分配模型，达到协调探测和火力单元以实现最大化作战效能和最小化作战成本的目的。采用了基于分解的多目标进化算法对模型进行求解，算法包含一种多目标启发式初始种群的生成方法，以及基于Nadir点的分解方法和邻域匹配机制。.再次，针对不同指挥员在指挥决策过程中存在的偏好差异，本项目构建了一种辅助决策机制，通过该机制可一次性提供多个方案供指挥员进行选择。根据决策者风险偏好获得候选的部署、分组以及分配方案后，根据方案的执行结果对已有的优化模型以及算法进行调整与指导。.最终，建立多平台联合防空仿真验证系统，以高层体系结构为主要仿真框架，使用多种建模及仿真软件，借助虚拟分布式交互仿真技术搭建仿真场景、构建仿真想定，通过交互式仿真验证任务规划过程中异构平台动态任务组形成，以及多任务分配方法的有效性。