Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major cause of disability and death in China,but the complex pathophysiological responses are still unclear after ICH,particularly remodeling processes such as neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and synaptic plasticity designed to restore neurological function after ICH. In other models of brain injury, Notch signaling pathway regulates neural stem cells identity and self-renewal in the subventricular zone, but whether Notch signaling can promote the remodeling processes is not clear after ICH. However, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) affects neural progenitor cells proliferation and differentiation in the injured brain areas. In our previous studies, it showed that HMGB1 acts via receptor for advanced glycation end-products to promote neural progenitor cells proliferation in the subventricular zone after ICH. Moreover, HMGB1/receptor for advanced glycation end-products signaling pathway promote neural progenitor cells proliferation and differentiation around the hematoma. The other study indicated that there is a novel interaction between Notch signaling pathway and HMGB1 in the molecular processes involved in cardiac regeneration. Whether there are some intrinsic interactions between Notch signaling pathway and HMGB1 is unclear after ICH. The purpose of this study is to explore interaction between Notch signaling pathway and HMGB1 after ICH in different developmental stages of neurons and glial cells to provide new therapeutic targets and new theories for ICH.
脑出血是导致中国居民死亡和残疾的主要原因之一,但关于脑出血后的神经血管单元(neurovascular unit,NVU)的修复机制还尚不清楚。Notch信号通路能调节损伤侧侧脑室周围的神经干细胞的增殖和新生,但针对脑出血后Notch信号通路能否促进侧脑室周围的神经干细胞、血管内皮细胞增殖和新生尚不清楚。我们的前期研究证实大鼠脑出血后恢复期HMGB1通过RAGE受体能促进侧脑室周围和血肿周围的神经前体细胞再生和血管新生。已有研究在心肌梗死模型中证实Notch信号通路和HMGB1相互作用并能促进心肌细胞再生。这两条信号通路是否在脑出血后NVU修复中也存在某些内在联系?本研究旨在探索脑出血后恢复期Notch信号通路因子和HMGB1在不同阶段神经细胞、胶质细胞中的表达规律和促进神经血管再生的相互作用机制,从而为脑出血提供新的治疗靶点和奠定新的理论基础。
我们的研究观察到了对不同时间点(1d、3d、7d、14d)大鼠脑出血血肿周围GFAP阳性、nestin阳性、DCX阳性细胞的增殖变化情况和不同时间点Notch通路蛋白以及HMGB1及其受体的表达变化。脑出血后随着时间的推移,血肿周围GFAP表达逐渐增加,在3d明显增加;脑出血后3d血肿周围nestin表达明显增加,血肿周围出现少量DCX阳性细胞。GFAP、nestin双染显示血肿周围GFAP/nestin双阳性细胞明显增多。病灶侧侧脑室室下区(subventricular zone, SVZ)nestin阳性细胞增多并有向脑出血区域迁移的趋势。这提示SVZ区的神经干细胞从脑出血后3天开始大量增殖和分化,其中大部分分化为GFAP阳性细胞,少部分可能分化为DCX阳性细胞。3d血肿周围脑组织Western Blot结果显示,相对于对照组以及病灶对侧,HMGB1及其受体TLR2、TLR4表达明显增加;Notch信号通路中的DLL4表达明显增加、Hes1表达减少;JAK-STAT通路中p-stat3表达增加。观察了Notch通路抑制剂DAPT对细胞增殖、大鼠神经功能修复的影响。脑出血后给予Notch抑制剂DAPT,3d后血肿周围GFAP/nestin双阳性细胞减少,阿扑吗啡实验结果显示DAPT组神经功能有缓解趋势,mNSS评分未见明显变化。在体外实验中,我们发现外源性HMGB1可以促进神经干细胞的增殖,促进神经干细胞向神经元方向分化;用DAPT抑制Notch通路后,神经干细胞增殖减少。结合我们的前期研究中发现的脑出血后星形胶质细胞中HMGB1表达增多且大量HMGB1从细胞核向细胞外迁移。本研究提示在脑出血后急性期SVZ区的神经干细胞开始大量增殖分化,Notch通路和HMGB1共同参与了脑出血后神经干细胞的增殖与分化。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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