BNNT-GAP/HTPE无机纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究

Glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) of polyurethane elastomer is the most important ingredient of solid propellant. However, its application in aerospace and defense fields are limited due to the poor mechanical properties. In the present work, highly branched, covalent modified boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT)-GAP prepolymer is synthesized via ring-opening polymerization method using OH-modified BNNT as initiator and epichlorohydrin as monomer at first, followed by macromolecule azidation in the presence of ethylene oxide - tetrahydrofuran copolyether (HTPE) crosslinking network. Then the BNNT-GAP/HTPE inorganic nanocomposites is finally prepared via cross-linking reaction. Structural characterization with performance testing experiments is carried out, simultaneously. Reaction conditions and parameters during the preparation process are optimized. It is anticipated that the regulatory methods for mechanical properties of interpenetrating network should be established. This project will set the benchmark study for mechanical properties of BNNT-GAP polymer, and will provide theoretical basis for improving the mechanical properties of current GAP-based solid propellant with technological evidences to realize long-range strike and high viability of rocket/missile systems.

叠氮缩水甘油醚（GAP）聚氨酯弹性体是固体推进剂的核心组分，然而由于力学性能的缺陷，限制了其在航天及国防领域的应用。本项目拟以表面羟基化修饰的氮化硼纳米管（BNNT–OH）为起始剂，在环氧乙烷–四氢呋喃嵌段共聚醚（HTPE）交联网络中引发环氧氯丙烷单体开环聚合，经由大分子叠氮反应化合成高度支化的BNNT–GAP预聚物，交联后制备BNNT–GAP/HTPE无机纳米复合材料，并对其进行结构表征和性能测试。通过反应参数的调节优化合成工艺，寻求宏观力学性能的调控机制，为改善当前GAP基固体推进剂的机械性能，实现火箭/导弹系统的远程打击和高生存能力提供理论依据和技术途径。

叠氮缩水甘油醚（GAP）聚氨酯弹性体是固体推进剂的核心组分，然而由于力学性能的缺陷，限制了其在航天及国防领域的应用。本项目以表面羟基化修饰的氮化硼纳米管（BNNT–OH）为起始剂，引发环氧氯丙烷单体开环聚合，经由大分子叠氮反应化合成高度支化的BNNT–GAP预聚物，然后与环氧乙烷–四氢呋喃嵌段共聚醚（HTPE）共同交联后制备互穿网络型BNNT–GAP/HTPE无机纳米复合材料，并对其进行结构表征和性能测试。通过反应参数的调节优化合成工艺，建立了力学性能的调控机制，得到了力学性能优异的BNNT-GAP/HTPE纳米复合材料。为改善当前GAP基固体推进剂的机械性能提供了理论依据和技术途径。