基于像清晰化函数最优化的共形光学动态像差校正机理研究

Conformal optical aberration correction theoretics used in optical design of electro-optic sensors aboard high-speed aircraft. The imaging through such conformal optical windows is likely to suffer from extreme aberration, requiring special techniques for correction, for improving aerospace aerodynamics and image performance. In face of the incompletion of the aberration correction or the complication of the aberration correctors, the present aberration correction methods domestically and abroad restrict the detectability of the high-speed aircraft. The traditional static aberration correction and dynamic aberration correction are improved in this project, and the adaptive optical (AO) wavefront correction theoretics is used in conformal optical system design. The image sharping function optimization closed-loop adaptive wavefront correction algorithm is used in this resaerch.The dynamic aberration correction theoretics in conformal optical system is explored in a novel way, and the rationality of this theoretics is proved.The research of this project has a great significance in the detectability of domestic high-speed aircraft and reducing the complication of electro-optic sensors, and offers novel theoretics bases to confromal correction techniques.

共形光学像差校正理论主要以高速飞行器的光电成像系统为研究背景，针对"共形"于高速载体表面的气动光学窗口引入的各种严重的动态像差，研究科学的像差校正方法，研制灵活多样的像差校正器，在保证高速载体空气动力学性能的基础上，保证光电成像系统的探测视场和成像性能。目前国内外采用的像差校正方法面临校正像差不完善、校正器机构复杂等问题，严重制约了高速飞行器的探测能力。本项目对传统的像差校正模式进行改进，将自适应波前校正理论引入共形光学系统的优化设计中，采用基于像清晰化函数最优化的自适应闭环波前校正算法，以全新的视角开展共形光学的动态像差校正机理的研究，探索自适应光学波前闭环校正模式在共形光学动态像差校正中的新机理，并证明该机理在共形光学优化设计中的合理性和有效性。这对于提高我国高速飞行器的光电探测能力、降低光电成像系统的复杂度具有重要的现实意义，为共形光学系统的像差校正技术提供新的理论依据。

本课题在高速飞行器光电探测器光学系统的优化设计中，以自适应波前校正理论和光学设计理论为基础，突破传统的共形光学像差校正方法，研究基于像清晰化函数最优化的动态像差校正机理，从而极大降低传统共形光学像差校正器的复杂程度。完成高速飞行器共形光学国内外发展状态需求调研与分析、基于计算光学和无波前传感自适应光学理论的动态像差校正方法研究，并对所提出的方法进行光学系统仿真分析和试验验证，为提高我国高速飞行器光学侦查系统对目标快速识别和打击的能力奠定技术基础。