基于静电感应的航空发动机滑油系统全流量在线监测及寿命预测方法研究

The oil-line condition monitoring technology, which can dynamically obtain the wearing information of the engine tribological system in real time, is one of the key techniques for engine condition based maintenance. With the rapid development of aero engine, various nonmetal materials such as ceramic matrix composite are used in engine. In response to the lack of effective means for on-line monitoring non-metallic particles of the oil system, this project studies on oil-line monitoring method based on electrostatic induction principle. The measurement model of oil-line electrostatic sensor is developed to study the effect of the sensor geometric parameters, the probe material as well as the lubricants on sensor performance, which can provide a theoretical basis for the design optimization of the sensor. The denoising method and feature extraction method for the electrostatic monitoring signal are researched, which can improve the micro-debris recognition capability of the sensor effectively and reduce the false alarm rate. The relationship between material properties of the debris and the electrostatic induction signal will be explored, which can help to identify the wear fault location. The project should construct the remaining life prediction method based on multi-source information. This project can enrich the methods for the aero engine condition monitoring and provide more information for life prediction, thus improving the safety and reliability of the in-service engine, with great theoretical significance and engineering value.

滑油在线监测技术能够实时动态获取发动机摩擦学系统磨损信息，是实现发动机视情维修的关键技术之一。随着航空发动机飞速发展，各种非金属材料如陶瓷基复合材料被等应用于现代航空发动机。针对目前滑油系统缺乏有效的非金属颗粒在线监测手段的问题，本项目研究一种新的基于静电感应的全流量在线监测方法，建立全流量静电传感器的测量模型，揭示传感器结构参数，材料及润滑介质对传感器性能影响的规律，为传感器优化设计提供理论依据；研究静电感应信号去噪及特征参数提取方法，有效提高传感器的微细磨粒识别能力，降低虚警率；探索磨粒的材料特性与静电感应信号的关联关系，实现磨损故障隔离定位，构造多源信息条件下采用多模型融合的剩余寿命组合预测方法。本项目研究成果对于丰富航空发动机状态监测及寿命预测手段，提高服役的安全性和可靠性，具有重要的理论意义和工程价值。

滑油在线监测技术能够实时动态获取发动机摩擦学系统磨损信息，是实现发动机视情维修的关键技术之一，本项目针对目前滑油系统有效的非金属颗粒在线监测手段的缺乏问题作出了一系列的研究。本项目的主要研究内容有：全流量静电传感器传感建模及优化方法研究、静电信号去噪方法及特征参数提取研究、滑油系统磨损故障隔离定位及寿命预测方法研究。通过四年对基于静电感应的航空发动机滑油系统全流量在线监测及寿命预测方法的研究，重点研究了静电传感器的建模以及优化、颗粒注入装置的优化分析、摩擦磨损的试验、故障的诊断以及剩余寿命预测等关键技术，同时也探索了各个理论的实验验证可行实现的方法。研究目标除了由于试验台设备购置受阻，影响了研究进度，试验开展滞后外，其他研究内容完成情况总体良好。以上研究成果对于航空发动机状态监测及寿命预测手段的丰富、航空发动机安全性和可靠性的提升具有重要的理论意义以及实践意义。