基于大样本结构方程的当代新中式建成环境空间效能量化研究

The New Chinese Style Landscape refers to an independent modernization process with the characteristic of highly concentrating on the quality of space, yet its quantitative composition and inherent rules still remain to be explored. At the same time, the mathematical model behind traditional geometric principles has become one of the main focuses of modern digital landscape as its leading edge has developed from scheme language to equation model. Through using parametric coupling theory and Structural Equation Model (SEM), this project conducts equation description and mathematical analysis on the space performance of New Chinese Style Landscape. At first, the outstanding projects of New Chinese Style Landscape in recent five years are selected to establish large sample libraries. Secondly, it transforms five selected spatial elements (including space coverage degree, space enclosure degree, space density, space through degree and space synergy degree) into mathematical objects on the basis of Depthmap in order to eliminate subjective judgment. Thirdly, the measurement model is constructed based on element coupling rule and then it is analyzed by means of Maximum Likelihood method. Finally, the large sample is analyzed after optimizing the structural model and parameter matrix to obtain the comprehensive index of space performance, by which the performance quantization and technology iteration are successfully achieved. Therefore, this project proposes and develops the structural equation model technology for investigating the quantitative space performance for contemporary built environment of New Chinese Style Landscape. In addition, it provides a digital method for the generation and evolution of landscape space and the research finding also has important implication for the improvement of parametric analysis as well as design level in modern indigenous landscape architecture.

新中式景观是一种自主进行的中国园林现代化进程，高度关注空间品质是其典型特征，空间效能的量化构成及规律有待探索。同时，当代数字景观前沿已由“图式语言”发展至“方程模型”，探索传统几何法则背后的数学模式成为理论焦点之一。课题依托景园参数化耦合理论，基于结构方程理论模型研发，针对新中式景观空间效能进行方程描述与数学解析：遴选近五年优秀新中式景观组成大样本库，利用Depthmap软件将空间覆盖度、围合度、密度、穿行度、集成度五个空间要素转化为数学观测对象，消除传统研究中的主观判断性；基于要素耦合规律建立测量模型，获取参数并采用极大似然法拟合分析；优化结构模型与参数矩阵进行大样本解析，获得空间效能综合指数，实现其量化绩效与技术迭代。课题提出并发展新中式建成环境空间效能量化研究的结构方程模型技术，为景园空间生成与演进提供一种数字化分析方法，成果对于提高当代我国风景园林参数化分析与设计水平具有重要意义。

新中式景观是一种自主进行的中国园林现代化进程，高度关注空间品质是其典型特征，空间效能的量化构成及规律有待探索。同时，当代数字景观前沿已由“图式语言”发展至“方程模型”，探索传统几何法则背后的数理模式成为理论焦点与前沿方向之一。.项目依托景园参数化耦合理论，聚焦新中式建成环境景观环境空间本体，在凝练归纳空间效能科学概念基础上，基于结构方程理论模型研发，从物理空间解析层面锲入空间效能的构成因素、相互作用规律及其空间效能综合测度研究，提出一种基于结构方程模型的新中式建成环境空间效能量化分析理论框架。.（1）课题将空间覆盖度、空间拓扑深度、空间密度、空间穿行度、空间集成度五个空间效能关键非观测要素转化为结构方程分析对象，实现其数据转译与方程描述，形成了一套新中式建成环境空间效能基础分析算法。（2）遴选240个优秀新中式景观案例组成大样本库，选取典型样本进行空间效能量化解析与参数获取，采用极大似然法对测量模型进行拟合评价，重点就测量模型的信度、拟合残差等进行正态回归分析，完成空间效能量化技术的设定型研究，形成以“空间效能综合指数”为核心的结构方程研究体系，研发一套用于新中式景园空间效能量化解析的结构方程模型解析技术。（3）结合AMOS技术固定空间效能关键参数并建立参数矩阵，实现结构方程模型的实践定型；大样本录入结构方程模型，获得新中式建成环境空间效能综合指数及各要素分项指数，完成空间效能量化案例验证型研究，建立了一种基于大样本库的当代新中式建成环境空间效能量化分析与评估体系，并进行实证性研究获得系列成果。.项目提出并发展新中式建成环境空间效能量化研究的结构方程模型技术，为景园空间生成与演进提供一种量化解析技术体系，成果对于提高当代我国风景园林空间效能精准研判与绩效水平具有科学意义与实践价值。