基于分子钳人工受体的新型儿茶酚胺薄膜传感器研究

Molecular recognition is the research hotspot in recent years. However, the sensors directly based on biomolecular receptors suffer from high cost and poor stability. Thus the synthesis and recognition performance of artificial receptors has become an increased area of research. Molecular tweezer is a class of novel artificial receptor consists of heteroaromatic arms and cavity with functional groups, which make identification of various guests through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking. This proposal is to design and synthesize two kinds of biomimetic molecular tweezers as new artificial receptors for catecholamine (CA), and build a novel CA electrochemical sensor through the compositing with polythiophene derivatives. The new sensor combines the advantages of molecular tweezers as remarkable specific recognition and conducting polymer as excellent mechanical properties. Thus this novel composite sensor may exhibit high sensitivity, stability, and specificity for CA. These qualities will make the molecular tweezers a promising candidate for electrochemical sensor, and its composite with polythiophene derivatives as a novel idea for electrochemical biosensing. Meanwhile, the study on sensor identification mechanism also reveals non-covalent bond identification in life processes, and shows an important theoretical significance.

分子识别是近年来的研究热点，但直接基于生物分子受体的传感器稳定性差且造价昂贵，故人工受体的合成及其识别性能成为研究重点之一。分子钳是一类具有芳杂环手臂和功能化基团空腔的新型人工受体，通过氢键和π-π堆叠等非共价作用实现对各种客体的识别。本项目计划针对目标分子儿茶酚胺设计合成一类仿生分子钳作为新型人工受体，同时通过与聚噻吩衍生物的复合达到构建新型儿茶酚胺电化学传感器的目的。该传感器一方面发扬了分子钳高效专一的特异性识别功能，极大提高传感器的选择性与灵敏度，另一方面保持了导电聚合物薄膜稳定轻薄的结构性能，可望制得高选择性、高灵敏度和高稳定性的电化学生物传感器，为分子钳人工受体在生物传感器领域的应用提供了新的研究思路。同时传感器识别作用的机制研究也对揭示生命过程中的非共价键识别作用等方面具有重要的理论意义。

本项目计划针对目标分子儿茶酚胺设计合成一类具有高效催化活性的电催剂，达到构建新型儿茶酚胺电化学传感器的目的。本项目围绕对生物小分子的电化学检测展开，探索探索碳载双金属纳米粒子在电化学传感器领域的应用，比较分析其对儿茶酚胺类分子的检测效果以及传感器发生反应的热力学、动力学规律，阐明双金属对儿茶酚胺类分子的催化机理，提出设计化学传感器的新思路。该传感器一方面保持了较高的特异性识别功能，极大提高传感器的选择性与灵敏度，另一方面保持了优异的稳定性，可望制得高选择性、高灵敏度和高稳定性的电化学生物传感器，为生物传感器领域的应用提供了新的研究思路。