地下浅层盲空间中单震源被动定位方法研究

The position of the burst point of penetrating warhead is an important index to measure its damage power to the underground target. It is also a key parameter to implement accurate assessment for the combat effectiveness, and refinement inversion imaging of underground fortification.In order to break the overseas monopolization and technology blockage of high-new weapon and its test and the experimental technique, our independent innovation is indispensable. The test means of fixed point group (explosion source group) strike, on the typical geological condition, is developed with reference to methods of natural earthquake location, microseismic monitoring, etc. Unfortunately, under the condition of nearly real combat, there is no effective measurement methods to acquire the position of the single burst point, with a precision strike hit yet.Focusing on the problem described above, research on this topic is developed. High precision positioning solution algorithm of energy field of the explosion source is formed, and revision and appraise system of the location error is also established, under the truth value condition without localization. The studying object of this essay is the passive localization for a single explosion source in the underground shallow blind space. Conclusion is put forward by learning from CT scanning technique of energy field of the explosion source, and propagation reciprocity principle of underground wave field. Concentrating on two key scientific problems, i.e., inverse reconstruction of energy field, and global scanning localization of energy field of the explosion source under the large area, the modeling method of horizontal layer and dip layer channel in the underground shallow blind space is studied, and three dimensional multispectral energy field location model of the explosion source is reconstructed inversely. The proposed method can achieve high precision position measurement and evaluation for the burst point underground, and can provide technique support for enhancing the underground combat-oriented measure level of our national defense science and technology industry.

侵彻类弹药地下起爆点位置是衡量该类弹药对地下目标毁伤威力的重要指标，是实现实战效能准确评估和地下工事精细化反演成像的关键参数。在实战打击中，侵彻类弹药是以一击命中、单次起爆的方式摧毁地下目标。由于不具有地层速度场先验信息以及多次炮射的投影数据，造成实战条件下侵彻战斗部地下起爆点位置“不能测”。针对上述问题，本课题以浅层盲空间单目标被动定位为研究对象，围绕盲空间中单震源定位模型的构建方法和大区域中单震源目标的反演定位算法两个关键科学问题，建立地下浅层空间基于三维多谱能量场的震源定位模型，形成多尺度、多线程加速的能量场震源扫描定位算法，得出无定位真值条件下定位精度的评价准则，构建浅层盲空间中单目标被动定位及评价体系，实现实战条件下侵彻类弹药起爆点高精度定位的目标，为建立高价值武器毁伤效能测试方法，提升我国国防科技地下空间实战化测试水平提供有力的技术支撑。

本课题针对实战条件下侵彻类弹药地下起爆点位置高精度测量的难题，以浅层盲空间单目标被动定位为研究对象，围绕盲空间中单震源定位模型构建方法和大区域中单震源高精度扫描定位算法两个关键科学问题开展了研究工作。探究了近地表地层结构的层析成像方法，构建了混凝土、砂石层、土壤层、加铺层等典型介质的速度场空间模型，以及连续介质、水平层状介质、洼陷介质速度场等结构试算模型；揭示了地下时-空场全波形逆向传播机理，重建了地下瞬时能量场图像序列，设计了3D-UNet联合注意力机制的多谱能量场融合网络，构建了盲空间中单震源定位模型；采用能量聚焦准则，提出了基于改进QPSO的震源定位方法，克服了震源点搜索中早熟、局部收敛的问题，建立了基于DQN框架的观测数据与震源位置的端到端特征映射网络模型，实现了震源位置的精细化扫描定位；分析了高斯函数宽度参数c与能量聚焦度的关系，提出了基于高斯函数的二维能量场聚焦度加权修正算法，提高了震源定位精度，给出了无定位真值条件下起爆点定位精度的评价指标，构建了浅层盲空间单目标被动定位及评价体系，实现了侵彻战斗部地下起爆点高精度定位的目标，为提高我国国防科技地下空间测试技术水平，建立高价值武器毁伤效能测试方法，实现武器试验准确考核、实战效能精准评估和地下工事精细化反演成像提供有力的技术支撑。在项目执行期间，发表学术论文15篇，其中SCI收录6篇，授权国家发明专利7项，软件著作权2项，出版学术专著1部，培养博士1人，研究生7人（毕业6人）。项目中形成的浅层震源定位技术已应用于兵器装备861厂子母弹落点抛撒定位、军科委工程防护研究所地下侵彻轨迹测量、航天601所火箭发动机安全稳定性评估等领域，应用前景广阔。