基于连通性思想的碳酸盐岩油藏开发生产优化研究

In our country, complex carbonate reservoir is an important field of oil and gas exploration and development. It will make great significance to realize economic and efficient development of this kind of reservoir. Most of the carbonate reservoir has some bad characteristics ,such as severe heterogeneity, complex interwell connectivity, and strong irregularity of well pattern. It is extremely difficult to optimize this strong irregular well pattern and injection and production parameters by artificial methods. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out resserch on optimization of injection production dynamic for carbonate reservoir. This project mainly focuses on these following research: 1) Based on the interwell connectivity method, with the help of laboratory experiment, establish a dynamical simulation and prediction model for carbonate reservoir. Combine with automatic history matching technology to realize fast prediction of dynamic water-oil production and interwell connectivity relationship; 2) Base on the production optimization control theory, establish a carbonate reservoir production optimization control mathematical model, through the result of model calculation, to realize the rapid optimization of injection production schedule. This project aims to establish a injection-production dynamic adaptive optimization method for water flooding development of carbonate reservoir, without the help of complex geological model and numerical simulation method, which provide theoretical support for adjusting njection-production scheme of carbonate reservoir.

复杂碳酸盐岩油藏是我国油气田勘探开发的重要领域，实现该类油藏经济高效开发意义重大。碳酸盐岩油藏多具有非均质性严重、连通关系复杂、井网不规则性强等特点，优化这种极不规则的井网与注采参数，目前的人工设计难度极大，开展该类油藏注采动态优化研究十分必要，本项目重点进行如下研究：1）以井间连通性方法为基础，辅助室内实验验证，建立碳酸盐岩油藏生产动态模拟预测模型，结合自动历史拟合方法实现油水产出动态和连通关系的快速预测；2）基于生产优化控制理论，建立碳酸盐岩油藏生产优化控制数学模型，通过模型求解实现注采制度的快速优化。本项目旨在形成一套不依赖于复杂地质建模和数值模拟技术的碳酸盐岩油藏注采动态智能优化方法，为该类油藏注采调整方案的快速设计决策提供支持。

我国碳酸盐岩油藏分布范围广泛，储量巨大，是今后我国油田开发增储上产的重要领域。但该类油藏储集类型多样、储层非均质性极强、连通关系异常复杂、井网不规则性强，人工设计优化这种极不规则的井网与注采参数难度极大。为改善注采矛盾、提高注水效率，开展碳酸盐岩油藏水驱开发动态自适应优化方法研究，对改善该类油藏开发效果具有重要意义。在国家自然科学资金的资助下，针对以上问题的研究，取得的主要成果包括：1）基于连通性思想，以井间连通单元为对象建立了碳酸盐岩油藏油水动态预测模型，实现生产动态快速预测；2）设计了室内物模实验，考虑不同裂缝、孔洞组合与实际岩石物性，验证了建立模型的正确性；3）建立了基于自动历史拟合的碳酸盐岩油藏油水动态预测模型参数求解方法，实现油水生产动态的准确预测并能有效表征井间连通关系；4）建立了碳酸盐岩油藏开发生产优化数学模型与求解方法，形成了注采参数优化和井网优化策略，实现注采方案的快速自动优化；5）基于研究的方法对塔河典型碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏进行了生产方案优化，提出了一套注采井的优化调整措施，优化预测结果得到现场认可并进行了井组实施。本项目形成了一套可以不依赖于复杂地质建模和数值模拟技术的碳酸盐岩油藏注采动态智能优化方法，为提高碳酸盐岩油藏开发效果和油藏经营管理水平提供理论和技术支持。