酶-金属有机框架荧光复合材料在农药高灵敏现场检测中的应用研究

Pesticide residues have seriously threatened the food safety and environmental quality, even jeopardized human health, attracting significant concern. Aiming at the key issues of “lower sensitivity and stability of fluorescent sensor” and “difficulty on point-of-care testing” in trace pesticide detection, we designed high-performance enzyme-metal organic frameworks (MOFs) hybrid fluorescent nanomaterials based on self-assembly technology by employing metal ion, organic ligand, fluorescent nanoclusters and recognition unit as precursors, and build new sensors for pesticide detection with high sensitivity, high stability and portability. The " non - invasive" immobilization of biological enzyme in channels of MOFs could improve the stability of probe. The utilization of high porosity and large internal surface area of MOFs could increase the enzyme catalytic efficiency, promoting sensitivity of the sensor. By combining the excellent characteristics of fluorescent metal nanoclusters and the specific inhibition of pesticides toward enzymes, a sensitive sensor was developed for monitoring pesticide with excellent stability. Moreover, a portable platform was constructed by integrated MOFs-based test strips with smartphone for qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace pesticides. The construction and application of our project not only possesses novel analytical strategy for rapid and real-time analysis of pesticide residues in food, but also provides an effective approach in the development of real-time monitoring and fast screening technology.

农药残留严重威胁食品安全、环境质量和人类健康，已经引起广泛关注。针对痕量农药检测中“荧光传感器灵敏度低、稳定性差”和“现场检测难”两个关键问题，本项目拟借助自组装技术，通过调控无机金属盐、有机配体、生物酶和荧光纳米簇等构筑基元，组装高性能的酶-金属有机框架（MOFs）荧光复合材料，构筑灵敏度高、稳定性好、可便携的新型农药传感策略。利用MOFs的框架结构实现生物酶“无创”固定化，改善传感探针稳定性；并借助其高空隙率和巨大内表面积提高固定化酶催化效率，从而提升传感探针灵敏度；同时结合荧光纳米簇的优异光学特性和农药特异抑制酶活的原理，实现痕量农药的高灵敏、高稳定检测。进一步借助微流控试纸和智能手机构建面向痕量农药检测的便携式传感平台，开展可视化分析和精准定量检测。本项目的具体实施不仅为食品中农药残留检测提供新方法，更为现场实时监测和快速筛查技术的发展提供有效借鉴。

农药残留严重威胁食品安全、环境质量和人类健康，引起广泛关注。针对荧光传感器灵敏度低和现场检测难的关键问题，制备高灵敏的便携化荧光/比色传感器具有重要的科学意义。本项目采用自组装技术制备了系列具有荧光功能的金属有机框架复合材料，即利用金属有机框架的高孔隙率和超大内比表面积，封装荧光纳米材料（供体），可显著提升纳米材料的稳定性。在框架材料外层原位修饰高吸收截面纳米材料（如二氧化锰纳米片），有效提升能量转移效率，结合生物酶高效催化作用和农药识别作用，构建了多种农药荧光传感单元，包括荧光比率传感单元、荧光/比色传感单元、荧光免疫传感单元。进一步应用3D打印技术搭建了低功耗、小体积的荧光传感平台，为现场检测提供稳定的运行环境，借助智能手机和商业化分析软件，实现了小白菜中毒死蜱农药动态降解监测。所研发的便携式样机与标准方法对比展现出良好的一致性。本项目的具体实施不仅为农药残留现场检测提供新方法，更为实时监测和快速筛查技术的发展提供有效借鉴。上述研究工作取得了多项具有创新性和系统性的研究成果，累计发表16篇学术论文（其中第一作者或通讯作者论文9篇），授权1件中国发明专利。