基于风致响应的超高层建筑抗风优化设计方法研究

Wind-induced responses of super-tall buildings are the key factors of the structural design for safety and comfort. Wind-resistant optimal design based on the wind-induced responses for super-tall buildings can reduce the construction costs effectively. The proposed project aims to investigate the wind-resistant optimal design method of super-tall buildings in detail through the wind tunnel tests and theoretical analysis. Firstly, distribution characteristics of wind-induced torsional responses of typical super tall buildings will be investigated by the comprehensive wind tunnel tests for rigid models and aeroelastic models. The influence on wind-induced torsional responses and its mechanism will be revealed and simplified mathematical models for estimating wind-induced torsional responses of super tall buildings hereby will be proposed. Secondly, mathematical model for structural optimal design based on response constraints will be studied and the recursive iteration algorithm will be deduced from the Optimum Criteria (OC) method. The sensitivity analysis will be adopted to discuss the influence of the optimal design variables on structural responses. Finally, combined with the mathematical models proposed for wind-induced responses and response constraint based structural optimal design method, the theoretical model for wind-resistant optimal design of super-tall buildings will be established based on the random vibration and structural optimization design theory. Moreover, numerical examples will be employed to evaluate the applicability and reliability of the wind-resistant optimal design method presented. The results obtained from this project are expected to be very useful for the wind-resistant optimal design of super-tall buildings and the revision of relevant technology specifications.

超高层建筑的风致响应是结构设计安全性和舒适性的控制因素，以风致响应作为超高层建筑抗风优化设计的约束条件，可以有效地降低建造投资成本。本项目拟采用风洞试验和理论分析相结合的方法，对超高层建筑抗风优化设计方法进行系统的研究。首先，基于刚性模型和气弹模型风洞试验，研究典型超高层建筑风致扭矩响应的分布特性，揭示风致扭矩响应的影响因素和作用机理，建立超高层建筑风致扭矩响应的简化数学模型。其次，构建响应约束结构优化设计方法的数学模型，采用最优准则法推导相应递归迭代算法，研究结构响应对优化设计变量的敏感性。最后，结合已有风致响应的简化数学模型和响应约束结构优化设计的数学模型，基于随机振动和工程结构优化设计理论，建立基于风致响应的超高层建筑抗风优化设计理论模型。利用数值算例评估超高层建筑抗风优化设计方法的适用性及可靠性。研究成果将为超高层建筑抗风优化设计和相关规范的修订提供参考。

超高层建筑的风致响应是结构设计安全性和舒适性的控制因素，以风致响应作为超高层建筑抗风优化设计的约束条件，可以实现结构抗风可靠性和经济性的平衡。本项目对典型超高层建筑的风致响应特性开展了刚性模型风洞试验研究，分析了表面风压分布、风荷载功率密度谱、竖向相干函数的分布规律，揭示了风致响应的影响因素和作用机理，建立了超高层建筑风致响应的简化数学模型。结合风致响应的简化数学模型，基于结构风工程理论和智能优化算法（改进遗传算法和粒子群算法），项目建立了基于风致响应的超高层建筑抗风优化设计模型，开发了相应的优化设计程序，并采用数值算例对该超高层建筑抗风优化设计方法的可靠性进行了验证。结果表明：在确保结构抗风安全性和舒适性的前提下，该抗风优化设计方法可有效降低超高层建筑结构的自重和造价。