生物战剂紫外激光诱导荧光激光雷达遥测技术研究

Biological warfare agent(BWA) is pathogenic microbe and biotoxin and is characterized with lethal contagiosity, high stability, high toxicity and infectivity, easy to producing, and is offen called the poor man's boob. Interfered by the beingn biological matter in the enviroment, and the significant advances in the areas of molecular biololgy and biotechnology over the paster quarter century, BWA is exceedingly diffcucly to be dectected. The traditional detecting methods such as electrochemistry, nucleic acid based assays and passive IR remote sensing are severely limited with time and distance resolution. So, this study put forward a new BWA standoff sensing architecture based on Ultraviolet Laser-induced Fluorescence(UV-LIF) technology, to research and test the Fluorescence laser wavelength, intensity of BWA(simulant), to study the tracking and positioning technology of the BWA cloud, and to study the establishment schema and detection,tracking and reconginiton methods of a standoff UV-LIF Lidar system, and to study the simulation model of the UV-LIF Lidar system. Based on achivements of this study, a real rapid and senstive UV-LIF Lidar system will be established and will act as highly useful remote sensing tool for the military and homeland protection.

生物战剂是伤害人和动植物的病原微生物和生物毒素，致病力强、稳定性好、传染性强、易于大量生产，且由于良性环境生物物质的干扰，对生物战剂的探测识别尤为困难。基于电化学、色谱分析法、基因法、被动红外遥测法等传统探测方法存在实时性差和不能实现距离分辩等严重不足。为此，本研究提出了基于紫外激光诱导荧光（UV-LIF）技术的生物战剂光学遥测新方法，对生物战剂（替代品）的荧光受激辐射波长、强度等光谱指纹特征采集技术进行研究和试验，对生物战剂云团的远程定位和跟踪技术进行研究、在此基础上，探讨生物战剂远程遥测激光雷达系统建立和探测识别方法，并进行系统性能仿真。通过本方案的研究，为下一步研制快速灵敏的UV-LIF生物战剂激光雷达探测系统奠定技术基础。

生物战剂气溶胶本征荧光特性研究和紫外激光诱导荧光激光雷达系统的仿真、构建与测量数据分析是生物战剂光学遥测的热点之一。本项目完成了色氨酸、NADH等典型生物分子荧光团二三维荧光光谱的测量与特征分析，完成了枯草芽孢杆菌等7种典型细菌类生物战剂模拟物的培养和生长测定，完成了7种典型细菌类生物战剂模拟物和2种毒素类生物战剂模拟物荧光光谱的测量及特征分析，首次发现了细菌、毒素类模拟物荧光和标准氨基酸组分分子荧光在波长等参量上存在的细微差异；结合大气传输模型，开展了粒子散射截面、偏振和荧光的理论计算，为激光雷达的构建提供了参数参考；编制的PARAFAC多组分分析软件解决了复杂生物气溶胶粒子的荧光光谱解析和识别问题；10余种生物气溶胶的退偏比数据表明多波长退偏比用于生物气溶胶识别是可行的；利用MIE偏振激光雷达数据处理模块实现的退偏比数据时空分布特征可视化效果，成功保障了G20峰会等国家重大活动，为京津冀等地政府部门的决策提供了参考。获军队科学技术进步奖3项。完成的两部生物战剂监测专著即将出版，受到了评审同行的好评。