面向源清单校验的污染气体排放通量紫外可见光谱遥测技术研究

Emission inventory is an important basis for pollution source apportionment, air quality forecasting and related controlling strategies promulgation, and also a basis for studying the coping mechanism of the complex air pollution. Although lots of work has been done for the air pollution sources monitoring, the method and technology of rapid, accurate, high time-spatial resolution measurement of pollution sources is still lacked. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, an optical remote sensing method, which is based on a mobile platform, to obtain the high temporal resolution (point source, non-point source and fugitive emission source) emission inventory is researched. The main study is focused on the method of obtaining the absolute vertical column density of pollutants by mobile optical remote sensing method, the reconstruction method of the regional distribution of column concentration by multi source remote sensing data interpolation, and the method for obtaining grid emission flux of pollution source. Then the influencing factors of emission flux measurement and the characteristics of typical regional emission is also obtained. The research results will bring out a new ground-based optical remote sensing method for air emission inventory acquisition and calibration, and make up for the defects of the related monitoring method of emission inventory. These will contribute to better understanding the present situation of pollution sources, provide basic scientific data for air quality forecast modelling and pollution source apportionment, and service better for environmental protection administration to the demand of pollution source monitoring.

大气排放源清单是污染源解析、空气质量模型预报预警和相关控制策略制定的重要基础，也是大气复合污染应对机制研究的重要依据。虽然我国在大气污染源排放研究方面已做了卓有成效的工作，但仍缺乏基于实际观测的污染源清单获取手段。本项目针对上述问题，建立基于车载紫外可见光谱遥测技术的高时空分辨率（点、面源以及无组织源）源清单的快速获取方法，重点研究基于车载光学遥测技术的污染物垂直柱浓度获取方法、结合多源遥测数据插值的柱浓度分布区域分布重构方法研究、污染源网格化排放通量获取方法，并开展排放通量测量的影响因素以及典型区域污染气体排放特征研究。研究结果将为高时空分辨率源清单提供一种基于地基光学遥测的获取和校验方法，有效弥补目前在污染源清单获取手段上的不足。这不仅有助于认识污染源排放现状，也为污染物来源解析以及空气质量预警预报模型提供基础科学数据，更好地服务于环境保护管理部门点面源的监测需求。

大气排放源清单是污染源解析、空气质量模型预报预警和相关控制策略制定的重要基础，也是大气复合污染应对机制研究的重要依据。虽然我国在大气污染源排放研究方面已做了卓有成效的工作，但仍缺乏基于实际观测的污染源清单获取手段。本项目针对上述问题，建立了基于车载紫外可见光谱遥测技术的高时空分辨率（点、面源以及无组织源）源清单的快速获取方法，重点研究了基于车载光学遥测技术的污染物垂直柱浓度获取方法、结合多源遥测数据插值的柱浓度分布区域分布重构方法研究、污染源网格化排放通量获取方法，建立了仿真模型并对多种因素影响进行量化分析，探究了排放通量的最优观测条件，并开展了典型区域污染气体排放特征研究。研究结果为高时空分辨率源清单提供了一种基于地基光学遥测的获取和校验方法，有效弥补了目前在污染源清单获取手段上的不足。这不仅有助于认识污染源排放现状，也为污染物来源解析以及空气质量预警预报模型提供基础科学数据，更好地服务于环境保护管理部门点面源的监测需求。