基于智能视觉感知的舰载无人机着舰新技术探索

The carrier-based UAV has the potential that beyonds traditional shipborne fighters, and has become a key research area for the developed countries to break through. The technology of automatic landing is the most fundamental factor to decide the sortie rate of the aircraft carrier, which directly affects its combat effectiveness and sustainable combat capability. This research area is still in the primary stage in China, and there is no completed methodology or technical system. Unlike the traditional automatic landing technology of UAVs, the automatic landing on ship for UAVs faces the following difficulties: 1) environmental perception and localization; 2) attitude control and decision making; 3) guarantee of safeties. This project intends to carry out the following studies: 1) research approach in spatial perception technology of machine vision guidance and attention based on the mechanism, which ensures the UAV real-time positioning and perception in the process of the landing; 2) research on knowledge integration and control decision based on reinforcement learning, which ensures the precise controlling and decision making of UAVs in high-risked environments; 3) research on adaptive trajectory generation technology, which ensures the sorties during automatic landing stage. The achievements of this project will support the development of theory for aircraft-based UAVs.

军用舰载无人机具有传统舰载战机所难以企及的军事潜力，已成为发达国家争先突破的关键领域，未来定将是航母作战系统中颠覆性的核心组成部分。舰载无人机自动着舰关键技术是决定航母出动架次率的最根本因素，直接影响其战斗力与可持续作战能力，其中蕴含多种复杂困难的科学问题。与传统无人机自动着陆技术所不同，舰载无人机自动着舰面临以下几大难点：1）环境感知与定位；2）姿态控制与决策；3）战力保障与安全。本项目拟开展如下几方面研究：1）研究基于机器视觉引导与注意力机制的进场空间感知技术，保证无人机着舰过程中实时定位与感知；2）研究基于知识融合与强化学习的控制决策技术，保证无人机在高危突变环境下的精准控制与决策；3）研究基于智能博弈的自适应航迹生成技术，以航母战力为第一优先保障条件形成自动着舰策略。本项目的完成将为我国舰载无人机自主着舰相关理论提供有力支持。

舰载无人机具有传统舰载战机所难以企及的军事潜力，已成为发达国家争先突破的关键领域，未来定将是航母作战系统中颠覆性的核心组成部分。舰载无人机自动着舰关键技术是决定航母出动架次率的最根本因素，直接影响其战斗力与可持续作战能力，其中蕴含多种复杂困难的科学问题。与传统无人机自动着陆技术所不同，舰载无人机自动着舰面临以下几大难点：1）环境感知与定位；2）小目标发现与跟踪；3）战力保障与安全。本项目开展l了如下几方面研究：1）研究基于机器视觉引导与注意力机制的进场空间感知技术，保证无人机着舰过程中实时定位与感知；2）研究基于知识融合与强化学习的控制决策技术，保证无人机在高危突变环境下的精准发现与接近目标；3）研究基于智能博弈的自适应航迹生成技术，以大船战力为第一优先保障条件形成自动着舰策略。本项目的完成将为我国舰载无人机自主着舰相关理论提供有力支持。