高校协同创新的协同效应及其优化路径研究

China's policy of building world-class universities has undergone a process from key construction to "collaborative innovation". Practice at home and abroad has proved that exploring the mode of collaborative innovation among multiple subjects is the development trend and rational choice for the construction of "double tops" in colleges. In recent years, collaborative innovation in colleges has become one of the focuses of the academia and the industry, and some research results have already been accumulated. However, a systematic theoretical research system of collaborative innovation in colleges has not yet been formed, and there is also a lack of overall empirical test on the actual effect of collaborative innovation in universities. Based on this, the project uses literature research method, field research method, comparative analysis method, statistical analysis method and other research methods, introduces the symbiosis theory into the research of collaborative innovation system, clarifies the influencing factors of synergetic effect of collaborative innovation in universities, builds collaborative symbiosis model, analyzes the collaborative efficiency and coordinated degree index measure, and tries to provide optimal path for colleges' collaborative innovation development. Taking the 38 "2011 collaborative innovation centers" recognized by the state as the research object, will provide a new perspective for the research of collaborative innovation theory in existing universities, and also expand the related research area of collaborative innovation theory in the field of education, which has important theoretical value. At the same time, the collaborative effect detection and classification optimization model test are of great practical value for enhancing the collaborative innovation effect in universities.

我国建设世界一流大学的政策经历了从重点建设到“协同创新”的演变历程。国内外实践证明，探索协同创新模式是高校“一流”建设的发展趋势和理性选择。近年来，高校协同创新已成为学界和业界关注的焦点话题，积累了一定的研究成果，但尚未形成系统的高校协同创新理论研究体系，对高校协同创新协同效应的实际效果也缺乏整体性的实证检验。基于此，本项目综合运用文献研究法、实地调研法、比较分析法、统计分析法等研究方法，将共生理论引入协同创新体系研究，明确高校协同创新协同效应的影响因素、构建协同共生关系模型、分析协同效率与协同程度的指标测度，尝试为高校协同创新发展提供优化路径。以国家认定的38所“2011协同创新中心”为研究对象，将为现有高校协同创新理论研究提供新的视角，亦将开拓协同创新理论在教育领域的相关研究，具有重要的理论价值。同时，进行协同效应检测与分类优化模型检验，对于有效增强高校协同创新效应具有较强的实践价值。

高校协同创新是以高校为主体，在政府支持下同科研机构、企业等相关利益主体协同合作，以创新能力提升为主要目标的协同创新活动。协同创新已成为我国高校人才培养与国家重大技术创新的前沿创新模式。协同效应作为协同创新效率的衡量指标，受到诸多因素的影响，因此，厘清协同过程的影响因素，对于高校协同创新效应提升至关重要。本研究构建了“2011计划”国家认定协同创新中心的研究数据库，综合运用文献研究法、实地调研法、比较分析法、数据统计法等研究方法对我国高校协同创新协同效应的影响因素进行深入探讨。研究发现，高校协同创新效应的发挥受到高校协同创新中心内外部因素的影响，具体影响程度为资源投入>能力因素>内部制度>外部支持程度。本研究引入共生理论构建高校协同创新协同效应模型，通过实证研究证明，当前我国高校协同创新存在共生关系，共生能力在双方之间的分配促使共生主体实际产出增长，实现了1+1＞2的协同效应，但整个协同共生系统的创新水平还有待进一步提高。基于此，本研究提出四点建议：以正确理解协同创新内涵作为高校协同机构组建的基础，以紧密结合三位一体目标作为高校协同创新运行的关键，以深度融入扬长补短思想作为高校协同效应路径优化的重点，以全程贯穿协同创新氛围作为高校协同创新效应提升的支撑。本研究提供了来自实证的证据，其结果对于高校协同创新中心评价及高校跨学科组织协同创新机制改进都具有一定的理论和应用价值。