可用于生物分子检测的稀土纳米粒子/高分子复合微球的可控合成与荧光调控机理研究

The preparation of functional lanthanide-containing inorganic/polymeric composite materials and their applications in the field of biomedical research have attracted much more attention in recent years. Since the luminescent properties of lanthanide complexes and lanthanide salts fabricated polymeric composite beads are easily affected by the surrounding environment, the lanthanide nanoparticles with stable luminescent properties will be used as the lanthanide source in lanthanide-containing inorganic/polymeric composite beads in this project. The contents of the project are as follows: Lanthanide nanoparticles/polymer composite microbeads will be controlled synthesized by several synthetic strategies under different reaction conditions, the composite microbeads loaded with well distributed lanthanide nanoparticles should be uniform, monodispersed and biocompatible. The fine-tuning luminescent properties will be studied via the luminescence spectra and luminescence dynamics data. The effect of different microstructures on luminescent properties and the related luminescence mechanism will be investigated, in order to seek an effective approach to improve luminescent properties. The application of such materials as fluorescent probe in the detection of the biomolecules (e.g. cancer biomarkers, biological toxins, amino acids and cholesterol) will be explored. The results will provide theoretical and experimental evidence for the preparation of novel inorganic/polymeric composite luminescent microbeads, also exploit a new ideal to design advanced materials for the detection of biomolecules.

近年来，基于稀土元素的无机/高分子复合功能材料的开发及其在生物医学领域的应用研究引起了广泛关注。针对稀土配合物/高分子复合微球和稀土无机盐/高分子复合微球的光学性质易受周围环境影响而发生荧光淬灭的问题，本项目选择光学性质稳定的稀土纳米粒子/高分子复合微球为研究对象，将主要致力于：通过调节反应条件，采用多种合成策略，控制合成稀土纳米粒子分布均匀的具有生物兼容性的单分散复合微球；通过荧光光谱和荧光动力学数据，研究复合微球可调控的荧光性质，阐明不同的微观结构对发光性质的调控机理，寻求提高发光性能的途径；研究该材料作为荧光探针在癌症标志物、生物毒素、氨基酸及胆固醇等生物分子检测方面的应用。研究结果不仅为新型无机/高分子复合荧光微球的制备提供一定的理论和实验依据, 而且为生物检测领域中先进材料的开发开拓新的思路。

近年来，基于稀土元素的无机/高分子复合功能材料的开发及其在分子识别领域的应用研究引起了广泛关注。针对稀土配合物/高分子复合微球和稀土无机盐/高分子复合微球的光学性质易受周围环境影响而发生荧光淬灭的问题，本项目选择光学性质稳定的稀土纳米粒子/高分子复合微球为研究对象，主要包括以下的研究内容：通过调节反应条件，采用多种合成策略，控制合成出了稀土纳米粒子分布均匀的具有生物兼容性的单分散复合微球，并阐明了高分子之间的静电作用或者稀土离子和有机配体之间的配位作用是可控合成的关键因素；通过荧光光谱和荧光动力学数据，研究复合微球可调控的荧光性质，阐明了稀土离子和与稀土离子螯合的配体的浓度是调控发光性质的关键，从而通过调变反应条件而实现发光的可调控性；研究该材料作为荧光探针在分子识别方面的应用，对于四苯乙烯衍生物/稀土纳米粒子复合材料，当具有顺式构象的油酸加入到该体系中，产生了四苯乙烯衍生物的增强的单分子发光，而反油酸只是导致归属为聚集诱导发光的荧光强度降低，该类材料在具有顺反异构的油酸和反油酸的识别方面有重要的应用价值，在芘衍生物/多孔聚脲微球复合材料中加入间甲基芳香族化合物之后，间甲酚导致单分子发光的强度增强并且激基态缔合物的发光趋势也明显增强，该类材料在有毒的间甲基芳香族化合有物的识别方面有潜在的应用前景。研究结果不仅为新型无机/高分子复合材料的制备提供一定的理论和实验依据, 而且为分子检测领域中先进材料的开发开拓新的思路。