订单装配型供应链环境下的个性化产品配置及优化建模研究

Configuring individualized products along Assembly-to-Order (ATO) supply chain is challenged by the problems of automatically discovering components, multi-site distributed configuration processes and customer preferences. To handle these problems, we present an approach of combining consumer choice behaviors, semantic knowledge representation and optimization modeling theories. In the presented approach, ontology modeling and mapping are employed to build the infrastructure of sharing product configuration knowledge. Automatic discovery of components and sub-assembly are implemented by means of both syntactic and semantic similarity degrees. Multi-site distributed configuration is carried out by using distributed CSP algorithm. Furthermore, mixed-integer programming (MIP) model is adopted to describe the configuration optimization problems where a numerous number of configuration solutions exist. Benders composition method is utilized to solve the MIP problem. Finally, consumer choice model is used to analyze the customer preferences which are then considered in the optimization objection functions. Therefore, the ability of product customization for ATO manufactures in our country will be greatly improved and the core competitiveness of the corresponding enterprises will be enhanced through the proposed study.

针对订单装配型供应链下产品配置所存在的部件语义发现、多地点分布式配置、个性化客户偏好等问题，本项目提出了基于消费者行为学、语义知识表示以及优化建模理论的订单装配型供应链下个性化产品配置及优化研究。采用本体建模和本体映射的方法来实现ATO供应链环境下产品配置知识的共享；提出了基于语义和语法相似度的制造资源自动匹配方法以及基于DiCSP（Distributed CSP）分布式约束满足理论的产品配置方法，从而实现ATO供应链环境下的分布式配置；针对存在多个配置解的情况，提出了建立了混合整数规划优化模型并采用Benders分解的求解方法。应用消费者行为学中的离散选择模型建立了优化目标，从而更好地满足客户个性化的偏好需求。通过对本项目的研究，将有助于提高我国ATO制造企业的个性化产品定制能力和客户服务水平，达到增强其核心竞争力的目的。

针对订单装配型供应链环境下的个性化产品配置，本项目研究了基于本体语义和语法相似度的制造资源自动匹配方法，从而便于发现个性化零部件供应商。针对供应链选址和产品族配置的联合优化，建立了非线性混合整数规划模型，并采用了基于拉格朗日松弛的求解方法；进一步研究了供应链配置和产品族配置的分散决策问题，提出了基于Stackberg博弈的决策方法。针对供应链环境下提前期的不确定性，提出了基于随机规划的个性化产品建模方法。建立了非线性混合整数规划模型，采用了基于拉格朗日松弛的随机规划模型求解方法。进一步考虑了不确定需求和供应对产品配置的影响，建立了非线性混合整数规划随机模型，提出了基于Benders分解的求解方法。并应用工业案例进行了数值实验。通过对本项目的研究，将有助于提高我国订单装配型制造企业的个性化产品定制能力和客户服务水平，达到增强其核心竞争力的目的。