蛋白质新型模型化合物：树枝状温敏高分子的合成、表征及其盐效应

To date, many linear synthetic macromolecules and their hydrogels have been used as the protein models to mimic the interaction of proteins with salts. However, their sensitivity to salts was worse than proteins, such as mimicking the interactions of proteins with cations and positive-charged proteins with salts. We have done the pioneering work on the salt effect on the thermoresponsive hyperbranched polymers. It was found that thermoresponsive hyperbranched polymers were more sensitive to salts than the traditional thermoresponsive linear ones, which could be attributed to their compact structure. Therefore, it was deduced that compact dendritic polymers might be better model compounds to mimic proteins. In this project, we shall design and synthesize a series of thermoresponsive dendritic polymers. These novel polymers will be better protein model compounds and mimic the interaction of proteins with salts more precisely.

目前，在利用合成高分子模拟蛋白质与盐相互作用的实验中，合成高分子的结构都为线形高分子或由其形成的凝胶，而该类高分子的灵敏度不是很高，在模拟蛋白质与阳离子的相互作用、以及带正电荷蛋白质与盐相互作用方面等方面与真实情况相差很大。我们课题组首次研究了超支化温敏聚合物的盐效应，发现相对于传统线形温敏聚合物，超支化温敏聚合物对盐的浓度及种类更敏感，这与其紧密的类球形结构密切相关。因此，预计具有紧密结构的树形和超支化温敏高分子可能是更好的蛋白质模型化合物。本项目将设计合成一系列树形和超支化温敏高分子,使其成为更合适的蛋白质模型化合物，可以更准确地模拟不同种类蛋白质与盐的相互作用。

目前，在利用合成高分子模拟蛋白质与盐相互作用的实验中，合成高分子的结构都为线形高分子或由其形成的凝胶，而该类高分子的灵敏度不是很高，在模拟蛋白质与阳离子的相互作用、以及带正电荷蛋白质与盐相互作用等方面与真实情况相差很大。在本项目中我们合成了多种温敏超支化聚合物及温敏超支化复合物，并对其进行了充分表征。通过浊度法、光散射法及核磁技术研究了所得温敏超支化聚合物及温敏超支化复合物在水及盐溶液中的温敏性质。发现其中具有双离子性的温敏超支化聚合物的盐效应与卵清蛋白的盐效应是相同的，证明了具有双离子性的温敏超支化聚合物是蛋白质的理想模型化合物。