Pro-survival signal plays an important role in regulation of cell survival. Our research showed that carboxy-terminal modulator protein (CTMP), an endogenous inhibitor of Akt, is highly expressed after ischemic injury in the cytosol of neurons, which suppressed the activity of PI3K/Akt pathway. CTMP normally resides in mitochondria. Released CTMP of mitochondria and its accumulation in the cytosol are the prerequisites for Akt down-regulation. Our preliminary experiments showed that LETM1, an anti-porter located at inner membrane of mitochondria, was stably expressed in neurons. Cerebral ischemia induced the interaction of LETM1 with CTMP. On the above-mentioned basis, the current study is designed to investigate the role of LETM1 in the CTMP release from mitochondria, and to verify the potential mechanism that inhibition of LETM1 could inhibit CTMP based down-regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway which may finally decrease neuron damage after ischemia injury by using the lentiviral transfection and interference, function, morphology and molecular biology techniques. Our systematic analysis should shed light on a new target for the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategy on the ischemic brain injury.
生存信号在细胞存活中发挥核心作用。我们及国外学者均证实:脑缺血损伤后Akt激酶的内源性抑制因子CTMP在细胞质中表达增加,生存信号PI3K/Akt通路活性降低,引起缺血性神经损伤。而CTMP储存于线粒体,缺血损伤后大量释放至胞浆是其发挥负性调控作用的前提,但相关调控机制尚待阐明。我们的最新研究显示:脑缺血损伤后,线粒体转运蛋白LETM1与CTMP的结合增加。据此推测:脑缺血损伤后LETM1活性增强,与CTMP结合增加,介导后者从线粒体大量释放至胞浆而抑制生存信号通路活性,并最终导致神经元死亡。本课题拟在前期研究基础上,采用慢病毒转染与干涉、形态和分子生物学技术,明确LETM1在脑缺血损伤中的关键作用,探索CTMP自线粒体释放的分子机制,通过调控LETM1活性,减少CTMP自线粒体释放,以恢复生存信号PI3K/Akt通路活性,挽救濒死神经元,为开发更为有效的缺血性脑损伤防治策略提供新靶点。
缺血性脑损伤机制研究具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。生存信号通路在诸多神经保护策略中具有重要作用,但脑缺血损伤时,其保护作用消失。Akt激酶特异性抑制因子CTMP在缺血损伤后大量增加。我们的研究显示CTMP可能是缺血损伤后Akt信号通路钝化的重要机制。然而,CTMP储存于线粒体,只有释放到胞浆,才能发挥负性调控作用,大量的CTMP自线粒体释放是缺血后损伤后生存信号通路钝化的前提,但其调控机制依旧不清。线粒体内膜转运蛋白LETM1,具有结合于CTMP的特异性结构域。研究显示:共转染LETM1和CTMP可抑制肿瘤细胞生长,而过表达LETM1能增强CTMP对于Akt激酶的抑制作用。由此,我们提出:LETM1是调控CTMP自线粒体释放的关键,抑制LETM1能够恢复生存信号通路的活性,减轻脑缺血损伤。在前期研究基础上,我们利用大鼠脑缺血损伤模型,明确了CTMP对生存信号通路的抑制可完全逆转七氟醚的预处理保护作用。进一步,利用基因小鼠,发现糖尿病状态下脑缺血损伤加重的现象与CTMP的过量表达密切相关。应用小鼠原代神经元OGD模型,发现OGD后1h,CTMP在细胞质和线粒体内呈现相反变化趋势。免疫共沉淀结果显示LETM1与CTMP的结合增加。抑制LETM1表达可短时间内减少CTMP流出,但不能逆转OGD后的细胞死亡。OGD 24h后,CTMP依然会大量自线粒体释放到细胞质中。而Bcl-2能够在不影响线粒体正常功能的情况下,抑制LETM1对CTMP的转运效果。本课题的研究结果证实LETM1是CTMP自线粒体释放的闸门,同时发现Bcl-2—LETM1—CTMP作用体系。为开发更为有效的缺血性脑损伤防治策略提供了新靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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