有序钨纳米线自限制性焊接制备透明柔性电极

Metal nanowires are the building blocks of complex micro/nano structures. Multifunctional functional flexible devices can be constructed by controlling the effective connection between metal nanowires. The performance of the flexible transparent electrode is affected by the arrangement and connection of the nanowires. The metal nanowires prepared by the traditional coating method are overlapped structures, so it is difficult to realize the high conductivity and high transmittance of the metal transparent electrode. This project intends to use water-bath lifting method and plasma welding technology to weld tungsten nanowires and prepare wearable flexible electrodes. Different diameters and lengths of tungsten nanowires were designed to study the mechanism of malangoni effect on the self-assembly oriented tungsten nanowires, and a coupling relationship model between water bath eddy current effect and malangoni effect was also established to improve the ordering of tungsten nanowires. The connection between tungsten nanowires was enhanced by plasma resonance welding. By measuring the morphology, structure, property, electrical and mechanical properties of the welded tungsten nanowire, the regulatory model between the structure of the tungsten nanowire and the electrode properties was established. Based on simulation calculation and experimental analysis, the size and polarization-dependent characteristics of tungsten nanowire on the plasma resonance were explored, and the self-limiting characteristics of tungsten nanowire plasma welding were clarified. A wearable flexible transparent electrode was prepared for human motion monitoring. This project intends to elucidate the process mechanism and control strategy of plasma welding self-assembled tungsten nanowires, so as to provide theoretical and experimental basis for exploring new flexible and transparent electrode materials.

金属纳米线是构建复杂微/纳结构件的“基石”，通过控制金属纳米线的有效连接可建造出多功能化的柔性器件。柔性透明电极的性能受到纳米线的排布和连接影响，传统涂覆法纳米线之间为“搭接”结构，难以实现电极的高导电性和高透过率。本项目设计不同纤维直径和长度的金属钨纳米线，采用水浴提拉法定向排布钨纳米线，研究涡流对流循环作用与马朗戈尼效应诱导纳米线定向排布作用耦合关系，提高钨纳米线的排列有序性。采用等离子体共振焊增强钨纳米线之间的连接性，通过对焊接纳米线的形貌、结构、成分、电学和力学性能的测量，建立钨纳米线结构和电极性能之间的调控模型。基于模拟仿真计算和实验分析，探明钨纳米线等离子体共振的尺寸及偏振依赖性，搞清楚钨纳米线等离子体焊接自限制性，制备出可穿戴柔性透明电极应用于人体运动监测。本项目拟阐明等离子体焊接自组装钨纳米线过程机制与调控策略，为探索新型柔性透明电极材料提供理论和实验依据。

本项目开发了钨纳米线透明柔性电极，电极经多次循环拉伸性能稳定。研究了选择性腐蚀镍铝钨共晶合金制备单晶钨纳米线的工艺过程，探讨了钨纳米线的自限制性焊接工艺和机制，基于定向排布和等离子体焊接的方法增强了柔性电极性能。同时研究了铜纳米线的制备工艺过程和硅纳米纤维的光电性能。利用所制备的柔性电极进行了手指、咽喉以及手臂等人体部位的运动测试，在10%的应变下，1000次循环测试薄膜的电阻率基本保持稳定。本研究结果将推动柔性电子传感在医疗健康等领域的应用。