西部大风区高铁弓网电接触演化机理及行车电气量依随波动研究

Since the high-speed trains were put into service in the west of China, with the special environment of strong wind, the electric contact status between pantograph and catenary is becoming more and more complex. In view of this, the project proposed to carry out the research on evolution mechanism of high-speed rail pantograph-catenary (PAC) electric contact and following fluctuations of electrical traction data in western strong wind area. First, by describing the characteristics of complex airflow and the influences on the airflow caused by many viaducts alongside high-speed railway line in the western regions, the variation laws of PAC contact behaviors under the coupling effect of complex strong wind and high airflow outside the train are revealed. Next, combining monitored data and tested data, the corresponding models, including PAC electric contact model and pantograph arcing model, are built respectively. Then, considering the viaduct has a great effect on the external wind environment and ground discharging under the PAC contact conditions, the coupled and integrated system, including PAC system, high-speed train, traction power supply system and integrated viaduct grounding system, are analyzed in depth. At last, the electrical data variations of several key equipments caused by pantograph arcing are studied systemically, such as train body and traction drive system. This project is aimed at revealing the complex evolution mechanism of the electric contact between between pantograph and catenary under the special circumstances, evaluating the electrical traction data fluctuations caused by PAC contact-loss. It has important theoretical and practical value on ensuring the safety and reliable operation of high-speed train in the western strong winds and many viaducts area.

自西部地区高速列车投运以来，加上大风区的特殊环境，弓网电接触状况正变得越来越复杂。鉴于此，项目提出开展“西部大风区高铁弓网电接触演化机理及行车电气量依随波动研究”。首先，通过表征西部地区气流特性和高铁沿线高架桥分布对气流的影响规律，揭示复杂外部大风和列车运行强气流耦合作用的弓网电接触性态演变规律。其次，结合监测与检测数据，构建相应的弓网动态电接触模型和离线电弧模型。然后，考虑到行车过程中的沿线高架桥对弓网电接触系统外部大风环境和行车泄流存在影响，综合弓网系统、高速列车系统、牵引供电系统、高架桥接地系统四大系统进行关联耦合影响分析。最后，系统研究弓网电接触出现离线拉弧对高速列车车体和车内牵引传动等关键设备的电气量波动影响。项目旨在揭示西部特殊环境下弓网电接触的服役演化机理，实现对弓网离线致使的行车电气量波动的准确评估，对保障西部大风区高速列车的安全可靠运营具有重要的理论和实用价值。

自西部地区高速列车投运以来，加上大风区的特殊环境，弓网电接触状况正变得越来越复杂。鉴于此，2018年01月至2021年12月，团队协同开展了“西部大风区高铁弓网电接触演化机理及行车电气量依随波动研究”。为有效提高西部大风区弓网受流可靠性和高速列车运行安全可靠性，项目总体目标是研究西部大风区高速铁路弓网电接触演化机理和弓网离线致使行车电气量波动(车体回流和牵引传动)的传播和渗透问题，主要开展了四方面内容研究：(1)掌握了西部大风区弓网耦合系统的服役性态演化机理，揭示了不同因素、不同工况对其性态变化的影响规律；(2)研究了西部大风区环境下的弓网动态电接触演化模型；(3)建立了弓网离线电接触电弧模型，分析了弓网动态电接触耦合可靠和耦合离线的电气影响规律；(4)揭示了弓网离线非线性复杂电气量在动车组车体回流和牵引传动系统中的传播渗透规律，评估了车体各车厢电压波动的电气量阈值和暂态过电压影响，提出了牵引传动系统故障诊断措施。根据研究对象定位，项目了采用技术调研、理论推导、仿真分析与试验现场数据分析相结合的方法。四年经费使用合理，研究成果相对丰硕，共发表学术论文30篇，申请和授权发明专利6项，直接培养硕士研究生6名，参加国内外学术交流9人次，且在全面完成项目计划书之外的拓展性研究还在继续深入中。四年的主要研究成果为制定西部大风区高速铁路弓网电接触安全可靠服役的设计规范和行车电气量依随波动规律提供了理论支撑和工程借鉴。