新型碳基三维多级结构电极材料的构筑及在量子点敏化太阳能电池中的应用

Quantum -dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) have broad prospect of research and application. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is mainly limited by the low charge collection efficiency in QDSSCs and resultant low short-circuit photocurrent density. The short circuit current density is limited by the low photo-induced charge collection efficiency insides the cell, and it is the important factor that affects QDSSCs photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the main reason is the competition between the charge transfer rate and the composite reation. In order to break the bottleneck of agglomeration, small specific surface area, and poor conductivity in the application of transition metal sulfide as electrode materials in QDSSCs, this project intends to prepare carbon nanofibers by electrospinning. The carbon nanotubes are synthesized in situ growth by using the template method. To achieve orientation-induced growth of transition metal sulfide electrode materials, a unique three-dimensional conductive network structure will be constructed as a support frame. By adjusting the preparation process parameters, effective control on the cell interface structure will be achieved. This project will reveale the mechanism of synergetic catalytic effect between the catalyst and the carrier of the composite material in pure organic electrolyte, explore the charge transfer mechanism across the cell interface and the micromechanism of the interfacial structure in the long-term stability of the cell, and analyze the key factors that affects the power conversion efficiency of the cell. The research findings of this project will provide experimental basis and theoretical reference for a higher level design of perfect performance of nano device sensitized by quantum dot which take advantage of solar energy.

量子点敏化太阳能电池(QDSSCs)具有广阔的研究和应用前景。光生电荷在电池内部的收集效率偏低带来的短路电流密度的限制是影响QDSSCs光电转换效率的重要因素，主要原因是电池内部的电荷传输速率与复合反应的竞争。对电极性能对QDSSCs的光电转化效率影响较大。针对目前过渡金属硫化物在QDSSCs对电极材料应用中存在的易团聚、比表面积小、导电性差等瓶颈问题，本项目拟借助静电纺丝法制备碳纳米纤维，结合模板法原位生长碳纳米管阵列，构建独特的三维立体多级结构作为支撑骨架，实现定向诱导生长过渡金属硫化物对电极材料，通过调控各种制备工艺参数实现电极界面结构可控构筑。揭示在纯有机相电解液体系中复合材料催化剂和载体间的协同催化作用机制，探索电池界面的电荷传输机理，以及界面结构对电池长期稳定性影响的微观机制，揭示影响电池效率的关键因素。本项目研究成果将为在更高层次上设计制备高性能量子点敏化太阳能纳米器件提供实际参考。

量子点敏化太阳能电池(QDSSCs)具有广阔的研究和应用前景。对电极性能对QDSSCs的光电转化效率影响较大。针对目前过渡金属硫化物在QDSSCs对电极材料应用中存在的易团聚、比表面积小、导电性差等瓶颈问题，展开了一系列的研究并取得了较好的成果。. 本项目借助静电纺丝法制备碳纳米纤维，结合模板法原位生长碳纳米管阵列，构建独特的三维立体多级结构作为支撑骨架，结合水热法，实现了定向诱导生长过渡金属硫化物对电极材料，结合XRD、SEM、TEM、EDS、XPS、氮气吸附仪、拉曼光谱仪等现代测试技术，结果显示CNFs有比较光滑的表面，直径在200 nm-300nm左右，复合材料均匀致密地生长在CNFs表面，复合材料具有丰富的孔状结构，增加了材料的比表面积，暴露更多的催化活性位点。获得一系列高度有序均匀排布、高比表面积的CNFs/CNTs/MSx复合材料的最佳可控制备工艺条件。该类材料用于敏化电池器件后均获得了优于传统Pt电极的光电转换效率。. 通过调控各种制备工艺参数实现了电极界面结构可控构筑。揭示了在纯有机相电解液体系中复合材料催化剂和载体间的协同催化作用机制，探索电池界面的电荷传输机理，以及界面结构对电池长期稳定性影响的微观机制，揭示了影响电池效率的关键因素。本项目的研究成果为在更高层次上设计制备高性能量子点敏化太阳能纳米器件提供了实验基础和理论依据。