适应山地气候特点的湘南乡土建筑再生设计研究

Different regional climate environments, such as:wind, temperature, solar radiation, humidity and precipitation are basic factors for the construction of vernacular architectures, and also the formation of the objective conditions. In the relationship between vernacular architectures and environmental adaptption, adaption methods and strategy for climate is an important reflection of the nature of vernacular architectures, and also an important access to vernacular architecture research. In a background of current energy and environmental crisis, the research on the climate adaptability of vernacular architecture as a way and example of sustainable architecture is particularly important for developing contemporary vernacular architecture. This project aims at vernacular architectures in south region of Hunan province,which are in atransitionary stage between traditional society and modern society and appliesthe climate factor index of the southern region of Hunan province as basis.It plans to use index quantification and system analysis method to study and establish the database of sole wind, temperature, humidity, and solar energy resources in south mountainous region of Hunan province. It reveals the relationship between the climate resource data and the ecological wisdom of vernacular architecture in south mountainous region of Hunan province, and analysizes the design strategy and interpretes the phase from the design strategy to the regeneration of design patterns. This thesis aims to creat a new construction strategy and example projects based on the climate conditions of the south mountainous regon in Hunan and realize a breakthrough in the promotion of new construction designing strategy based on the climate adaptivity in southmountainous regions. It will supply theoretical and methodological support for creating new vernacular architectures with local ecological wisdom in south mountainous region of Hunan province.

不同的地域气候环境如：风象、温度、太阳辐射、湿度、降水等特征是乡土建筑营造的基本因素，也是其生成的客观条件，在乡土建筑与环境适应关系中，对气候的适应方式和策略是乡土建筑本质的一个重要体现，也是乡土建筑研究的重要切入点。在当前能源与环境危机的背景下，研究乡土建筑的气候适应性作为建筑可持续的途径和范例对发展当代乡土建筑显得尤为重要。本项目针对传统与现代转型时期的湘南乡土建筑，以湘南山地气候因子的参数化为基础，拟运用指标量化与系统分析方法，研究建立湘南山地区风象、温湿度和太阳能资源数据库；揭示湘南山地气候资源数据与乡土建筑生态智慧的耦合机理；分析其相应的设计策略并完成设计策略到再生设计模式的转译；创作适宜湘南山地气候条件的新乡土建筑方案及相关的示范工程。力争基于山地气候适应性在湘南新乡土建筑设计手段的推广应用方面取得突破，为营造当代极具地域生态智慧的湘南新乡土建筑提供营造理论与方法支持。

适应山地气候特点的湘南乡土建筑再生设计研究项目，研究湘南山地气候因子的参数化及山地微气候特征、湘南山地气候与乡土建筑生态智慧的耦合机理，探讨了适宜湘南山地乡土建筑生态智慧再生设计策略的科学问题，在湘南山地气候条件下的现代乡土建筑设计方法的推广应用方面取得了突破，为湘南乡村新乡土建筑人居环境营建水平的整体进步提供了设计理论与方法支持。其主要内容如下：.1）湘南宏观气候因子的参数化及山地微气候特征研究，对湘南地区气候环境进行了数据获取并建立了数据库，同时对数据进行了整理。.2）湘南山地气候与传统乡土建筑生态智慧的耦合机理研究，对湘南地区典型的民居进行了测绘，从气候适应性的角度，系统总结了湘南乡土建筑在适应山地气候方面的营造智慧。.3）湘南山地乡土建筑再生设计模式研究，创作了适宜湘南山地气候条件的可持续发展乡土建筑方案，。在“临武县西瑶乡桃源坪、谷富塘新农村建设”项目中，运用本研究的部分成果指导乡土建筑的设计，并进行实验与示范取得良好的效果。. 本项目在依托地域气候条件的前提下，对湘南乡土建筑再生设计的科学方法、乡土建筑营造体系进行全方位的深化研究，其成果建构了湘南乡土建筑气候适应性的设计理论。课题研究在落实促进乡土建筑生态化设计、湘南地区乡土建筑的可持续发展具有较为重要的科学意义。