活动断层粘滑错动下地铁隧道灾变行为及支护结构设防体系研究

Catastrophe behavior of tunnel, forced dynamic response and cracking destruction mechanism of structure, anti-breaking control of supporting structure system under the condition of active fault stick-slip movement are the key scientific issues to be addressed during tunnel construction and operation. With formation mechanism of active fault stick-slip movement and interaction of stratum and tunnel structure considered, inertia force and forced displacement coupling models of stratum-loading are established, combined with varied angles, high precision, wide control-speed and large geometric proportion scale (1:20) indoor multi-directional and synchronous-loading simulation experiment, the mechanics characteristic, rupture development, failure mechanism of tunnel structure are studied in case of different active fault stick-slip movement, anti-breaking control division zones (including major zone and influence zone) affected by the active rupture movement are confirmed. Based on the adaptation of anti-seismic energy-consuming measurements, such as buffer layer, flexible joint (deformation joint), expand section and flexible (or yield) cell, the optimization of tunnel lining length with anti-shear deformation joint considering different division zone are studied, furthermore, the effective anti-breaking method in case of different active fault stick-slip movement is formed and the parameters of supporting structure system are presented in light of the classification of major zone and influence zone. Based on above, a reasonable support structure system in case of different active fault stick-slip movement is established, then, the scientific technique of catastrophe control and supporting structure system with rupture fortification of subway tunnel across active stick-slip fault are formed.

活动断层粘滑错动下隧道灾变行为、结构胁迫动力学响应和开裂破坏机理以及支护结构体系抗错断设防控制是隧道穿越活断层修建和运营期间亟待解决的关键科学问题。从活动断层粘滑错动形成机制及其作用下地层-隧道结构相互作用入手，建立惯性力-强制位移连成作用的地层荷载结构模型，结合多倾角、高精度、宽控速、大比例（1：20）的多向同步加载室内模拟试验，研究不同性质断层粘滑错动下跨断层隧道结构的受力特征、裂缝开展、破坏机理，确定出活动断裂错动影响下的隧道分区（断层带控制区与影响区）；基于减震层、柔性接头（变形缝）、扩大断面及柔性（或屈服）单元等抗震吸能措施的适应性，研究不同分区内合理的隧道分段长度，形成分段式隧道结构有效的抗错断方法，分级提出跨越活断层隧道支护结构参数。建立基于活动断裂区隧道分区合理支护结构体系，形成断层粘滑错动下隧道结构抗错动设防及灾变控制关键科学技术。

活动断层粘滑错动下隧道灾变行为、结构胁迫动力学响应和开裂破坏机理以及支护结构体系抗错断设防控制是隧道穿越活断层修建和运营期间亟待解决的关键科学问题。从活动断层粘滑错动形成机制及其作用下地层—隧道结构相互作用入手，建立惯性力—强制位移连成作用的地层荷载结构模型，结合多倾角、高精度、宽控速、大比例（1：20）的多向同步加载室内模拟试验，研究不同性质断层粘滑错动下跨断层隧道结构的受力特征、裂缝开展、破坏机理，确定出活动断裂错动影响下的隧道分区（断层带控制区与影响区）；基于减震层、柔性接头（变形缝）、扩大断面及柔性（或屈服）单元等抗震吸能措施的适应性，研究不同分区内合理的隧道分段长度，形成分段式隧道结构有效的抗错断方法，分级提出跨越活断层隧道支护结构参数。建立基于活动断裂区隧道分区合理支护结构体系，形成断层粘滑错动下隧道结构抗错动设防及灾变控制关键科学技术。