Grape seed procyanidins, a genre of natural polyphenol, is reported to possess the efficacy of prevetion of coccidia infection in broiler chicken. However, the active ingredients and mode of action of grape procyanidins are not clear. In the proposed project, the cell model and modern seperation technology are adopted to explore the active ingredients in grape procyanidins. The gamma delta T cell, which play vital roel in itestinal immunity and recovery of gut epithellial tissue, is utilized as the target cell. Ingredients with different degree of polymerization seperated by gradual solvent precipitation and column chromatography are evaluated for the efficay of modulation of gamma delta T cell and prevention of coccidia adhension on gut wall. The ingredients with superb exhibition are defined as the main active components and are determined the structure quality with ESI-IT-MS/MS method. The sufficient amount of active ingredients are prepared to explore the mechanism of action in animal and cell culture study. The ccocidial infection and cell culture model are selected and the mode of efficay are discoved from the systematical determination of priming status of gamma delta T cell, the downstream expression of cytokine, tissue repairing factors, and mucosal effctor. The elucidation of the active ingredients and mode of action of prevention of coccidia infection by grape procyanidins would serve as the theoretial base for invention of new anticoccdia additive, and provide the logical proof and technology support for the development of phytogenic immunostimulants in pourlty production industry.
葡萄原花青素是葡萄籽中的一种天然多酚类化合物,新近研究发现葡萄原花青素具有抗肉鸡球虫感染的功效,但其活性成分和作用机理尚不清楚。本项目首先采用细胞模型和现代分离技术相结合的方法探究葡萄原花青素的活性成分,以调节肉鸡肠道免疫和上皮组织修复的核心γδT细胞为靶细胞,以有机溶剂逐级沉淀和柱层析结合的方法对葡萄原花青素按聚合度进行分离,依据调节γδT细胞增殖和抗球虫黏附肠壁的效果确定有效组分,通过电喷雾离子阱串联质谱对有效组分进行定性,确定活性成分的构效关系;然后进一步制备足量活性成分用于动物试验和细胞试验机理研究,通过球虫感染和细胞培养模型,从γδT细胞激活状态、激活后下游细胞因子、组织修复因子表达及黏膜效应分子等方面深入探讨,阐明葡萄原花青素活性成分调节肉鸡肠道免疫和健康的机理。本研究可为新型抗球虫添加剂的研制奠定理论基础,并为家禽生产中植物源性免疫增强剂的开发提供科学理论依据和技术支撑。
球虫病严重威胁肉鸡业健康发展,葡萄籽提取物中的多酚类物质(葡萄原花青素)具有抗球虫感染的作用。本项目以肉仔鸡肠道γδ T细胞为效应细胞,结合现代分离技术,在体外和半体外条件下,确定葡萄原花青素调节肉仔鸡肠道γδ T细胞的活性组分,并采用动物试验和细胞试验相结合的方法,揭示葡萄原花青素活性组分调节球虫感染肉仔鸡肠道健康的机理。在机理探讨方面,结合球虫感染模型和体外细胞培养模型,采用分光光度法、酶联免疫反应法、免疫组织化学法、实时荧光定量PCR等方法研究葡萄原花青素活性成分调节肉鸡肠道免疫和健康的机理。.首次发现,(1)葡萄原花青素20~40 min馏出组分具有较强的促进肠道γδ T细胞增殖能力,其中20~25 min组分促进肠道γδ T细胞增殖能力最强,可显著降低球虫黏附肠道数量,活性组分占复合物比例为6.5%,聚合度为2.8~3.3;(2)GPC活性组分在肉鸡饲粮中添加剂量为1.5~2 mg/kg时可激活肠道γδ T细胞,并有效降低球虫感染造成的肠道损伤;(3)GPC活性组分可通过促进肠道γδ T细胞活化,提高球虫感染肉仔鸡肠道IL-2和IL-4水平,升高IFN-γ和降低TNF-α水平,大幅提高TGF-β1和EGF水平,进而提高肠道sIgA分泌水平,抑制球虫黏附肠壁,发挥抗球虫感染和调节肠道健康的功效;(4)GPC活性组分可提高静息γδ T细胞IL-2Rα的表达水平和细胞增殖活性,提高经球虫激活的γδ T细胞IL-2Rα表达水平,显著升高IL-2和IL-4水平,抑制TNF-α水平和mRNA表达的上调;(5)GPC活性组分可通过激活p38 MAPK和ERK1/2,以及抑制NF-κB信号通路调节炎性细胞因子表达,发挥抑制球虫黏附肠壁和调节肠道健康作用。以上研究结果可为葡萄原花青素在养禽生产中的应用提供科学依据和实践指导,为开发新型植物来源畜禽免疫调节剂提供借鉴。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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