含锡有色金属炼渣中锡的选冶联合高效回收基础和应用研究

The external dependence of tin resources in China is high, and the utilization rate of secondary tin resources is in a low level. The tin in non-ferrous metal smelting slag is not recycled due to its diversity and complexity until now. The research on recycling and utilization of this kind of secondary tin resources is conducive to improving the safety and security of tin resources in China. In recent years, the combined method of minerals processing and smelting is gradually becoming an effective method for comprehensive utilization of complex ores and metallurgical slags, which provides references for our research of tin-containing slag recycling. This project will focus on the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization problem of tin-containing non-ferrous metal smelting slag. Based on the concept and method of the combination of minerals processing and smelting, fluid mechanics calculation, quantum chemical calculation, molecular dynamics simulation, numerical simulation, and experimental detection will be applied on the research of the separation mechanism of tin-containing minerals in composite physics, the mechanism of flotation of tin-containing minerals based on the principle of metal ion-collector molecular coordination, and the thermodynamic mechanism of sulphurization and volatilization of tin-containing smelting slag flotation concentrate. The theoretical model will be established for the preparation of crude tin by the combination of tin-copper slag composite physical field waste throwing-high efficiency flotation enrichment-sulfurization and smog separation, to develop a high-efficiency recovery technology for tin recovery using tin-containing copper slags, and provides scientific basis and technical support for the effective utilization of tin-containing non-ferrous metal smelting slag.

我国锡资源的对外依存度高，二次锡资源的利用率较低，其中有色金属冶炼渣中的锡由于呈现多样性和复杂性，目前并没有回收利用。针对该类二次锡资源开展回收利用研究，有利于提升我国锡资源安全保障程度。近年来选冶联合方法正在逐渐成为复杂矿石和冶金渣料综合利用的有效方法，为含锡渣料的回收利用研究提供了借鉴。本项目针对二次锡资源——含锡有色金属冶炼渣的高效综合利用难题，基于选冶联合的理念和方法，通过流体力学计算、量子化学计算、分子动力学模拟、数值模拟和实验检测相结合的方法，开展复合物理场中含锡矿物的分离机制研究；基于金属离子-捕收剂分子配位组装原理的含锡矿物浮选机理研究；以及含锡渣料浮选精矿硫化挥发热力学机理研究，建立含锡渣料复合物理场抛废-高效浮选富集-硫化烟化挥发分离制备粗锡理论模型，开发含锡渣料中锡的选冶联合高效回收技术，为实现含锡有色金属冶炼渣的有效利用提供科学依据和技术支撑。

本研究针对我国二次锡资源利用率低，对外依存度高的问题，以含锡有色金属渣的高效综合利用为总体研究目的，基于选冶联合的理念和方法，开展了复合物理场中含锡矿物的分离机制研究、基于金属离子-捕收剂分子配位组装原理的含锡矿物浮选机理研究和烟化法从钨渣中回收锡的技术研究，建立了含锡渣料复合物理场抛废-高效浮选富集-硫化烟化挥发分离制备粗锡理论模型，开发了含锡渣料中锡的选冶联合高效回收技术，为实现含锡有色金属渣的有效利用提供科学依据和技术方案。