基于慧眼-HXMT开展地球中高层大气密度层析探测与变化特性研究

The detection of Earth's middle and upper atmospheric density is of great significance for understanding the relationship between the Sun and the Earth, the coupling of the circles, the global change, etc., and also has important values in the related applications of space environment such as in aerospace and military. Therefore, The demand of the detection of Earth's middle and upper atmospheric density and the law of variations is very urgent. At present, the research of the middle and upper atmosphere is limited by the detection technology, and the seriously lacking of the first-handed measured data, which greatly restricts the related research and the development and utilization of the airspace. This project proposes to use the Insight-HXMT satellite fixed-point observation to invert the X-ray absorption attenuation property of the atmosphere to retrieve the atmospheric density mesosphere-lower thermosphere, which can solve the blind spot of Earth's middle and upper atmospheric density detection, and cover the airspace range that is rarely touched by other current detection methods. Focusing on the research of Earth's middle and upper atmospheric density tomography detection and variation characteristics, the research is as follows: Based on the Crab fixed-point observation occultation data with Insight-HXMT satellite, study the feasibility and retrieval method of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere atmospheric density retrieval, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics, and study the Crab radiation properties and its effect on the mesosphere-lower thermosphere atmospheric density retrieval. The completion of this project will promote the application of the Insight-HXMT satellite observation data in the interdisciplinary field and the output of scientific results, which is of great significance to the development of space science and aerospace technology.

地球中高层大气密度探测对于深入理解日地关系、圈层耦合等具有重要意义, 而且在航天、军事等领域也具有重要价值。目前，中高层大气受探测技术所限，严重缺少第一手实测数据。本项目将首次利用慧眼-HXMT卫星定点观测中大气对X射线吸收衰减性质反演中间层-低热层大气密度，解决中间层-低热层大气密度高精度、全高程探测问题，覆盖目前其它探测手段很少触及的空域范围。围绕中高层大气密度层析探测与变化特性研究这一目标，首先，结合卫星实际参数开展Crab掩星观测模拟，获得最佳能段、积分时间/能量和高度范围；其次，基于Crab定点观测掩星数据反演中间层-低热层大气密度并研究其时空分布与变化特性；第三，研究Crab辐射性质及其对中间层-低热层大气密度反演的影响，进行误差分析，获得反演的测量精度。本项目的完成将促进慧眼-HXMT卫星观测数据在交叉学科领域的应用与科学成果产出，对空间科学和空天技术发展具有重要意义。

地球中高层大气密度探测对于深入理解日地关系、圈层耦合等具有重要意义, 而且在航天等领域也具有重要价值。目前，中高层大气受探测技术所限，严重缺少第一手实测数据。本项目在国内首次利用慧眼-HXMT卫星定点观测中大气对X射线吸收衰减性质反演中间层-低热层大气密度，解决了中间层-低热层大气密度高精度、全高程探测问题，覆盖了目前其它探测手段很少触及的空域范围。围绕中高层大气密度层析探测与变化特性研究这一目标，首先，项目结合卫星实际参数开展Crab掩星观测模拟，获得了最佳能段、积分时间/能量和高度范围；其次，基于Crab定点观测掩星数据反演了中间层-低热层大气密度并研究其时空分布与变化特性；第三，研究了Crab辐射性质及其对中间层-低热层大气密度反演的影响，进行误差分析，获得反演的测量精度。本项目的完成促进了慧眼-HXMT卫星观测数据在交叉学科领域的应用与科学成果产出，对空间科学和空天技术发展具有重要意义。