Stimulation of dopamine receptors leads to renal sodium excretion. In recent years, studies pay more attention to the benefits of the dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) for its three distinctive features: the strongest affinity to dopamine, the constitutive activity and specific trafficking properties. Our previous study found that the dysfunction of D5R in renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) from hypertensive (HT) is related with its abnormal trafficking, but the reason still needs to be determined. Sorting nexins (SNXs) play an important role in the sorting of receptors. SNX1 interacts with D5R, but not D1R; SNX1 expression is decreased in RPTCs from HT, so we speculate that SNX1 regulates the sorting of D5R, which affects its function of natriuresis; however, the decreased SNX1 expression leads to the impaired D5R-mediated natriuresis. Based on our previous studies, we will study the regulation of SNX1 on the function of D5R, the regulatory mechanism of SNX1 on the D5R trafficking, and the restored D5R function and trafficking in SNX1-rescued SHR kidney and PRTCs. Our study will provide the theory basis for the regulation of SNX1 on D5R in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
刺激肾脏多巴胺受体具有排钠效应,多巴胺D5受体(D5R)对多巴胺亲和力最强,具有内源激活,胞内转运方式特殊等特点,备受关注。我们发现高血压状态下D5R功能丧失,这与其胞内转运异常有关,但导致该异常的原因尚不清楚。SNXs在受体转运中发挥核心作用,我们发现SNX1-/-小鼠血压增高,伴多巴胺D1R/D5R介导的尿钠排泄下降。由于SNX1在结构上只与D5R(不与D1R)结合;且高血压病人肾近曲小管(RPT)细胞SNX1表达下降,推测SNX1通过影响D5R胞内转运进而影响其排钠功能,高血压状态下SNX1表达下降是导致D5R尿钠排泄功能丧失的原因。基于前期工作,用SNX1/D1R双敲除小鼠及其分离的RPT细胞研究SNX1对D5R功能的调节及D5R胞内转运的作用机制;探索增加高血压大鼠肾脏SNX1表达后在恢复D5R功能与降血压中的作用,为阐明SNX1对D5R的调节和高血压防治提供理论依据和防治靶点。
肾脏通过调节尿钠排泄影响血压水平。多巴胺在肾脏通过其受体发挥促尿钠排泄和降血压作用。D5R尤其受到关注。分选蛋白(Sorting Nexins, SNXs)在对包括G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)在内的受体分选与运输中发挥核心作用。既往发现SNX1在结构上只与D5R结合,我们推测SNX1可能通过调节D5R胞内分布,影响其介导的尿钠排泄和血压调节功能。本研究中,我们构建了SNX1-/-小鼠,发现如下:1. SNX1-/-小鼠收缩压和舒张压均明显高于野生型(WT)小鼠,且D5R介导的尿钠排泄功能显著降低;2. SNX1-/-小鼠肾脏中,AT1R表达增强,且多个多巴胺受体亚型表达代偿性升高、钠-钾-ATP酶等钠泵表达增强,提示尿钠排泄障碍在其血压改变中发挥作用;3. SNX1-/-小鼠肾脏中,氧化应激水平明显升高,NOX1、NOX2等NADPH氧化酶亚基表达增加,而且,上述改变可以被抗氧化剂apocynin所阻断,提示氧化应激增强可能是其肾脏功能减弱的重要机制;4. 与正常人相比,高血压患者RPT细胞SNX1表达降低,氧化应激水平增强,D5R细胞内转运障碍;5. 干扰正常人RPT细胞SNX1表达后,D5R介导的cAMP产生以及抑制钠泵能力均减弱,而且,该削弱效应可被SNX1过表达所逆转。上述结果将有利于阐明SNX1通过调节D5R细胞内转运及其介导的生理功能,进而在尿钠排泄及高血压发病机理中发挥重要作用。. 血管机制是高血压病的另一机制,我们也在血管中进行了探讨,发现: SNX1-/-小鼠血管AT1R表达及其介导的血管收缩增强;血管SNX1和 AT1R空间共定位,存在直接连接;放线菌酮作用后,AT1R蛋白表达在SNX1敲低VSMC中升高,蛋白酶体抑制后提高SNX1敲低VSMC中的AT1R蛋白表达。提示SNX1转运AT1R到蛋白酶体,引发其蛋白衰减,调节其介导的血管收缩,在血压调节中发挥作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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