动态交通场景中802.11p MAC协议实时性能分析研究

The 802.11p standard is the only communication standard for vehicular networks. The 802.11p MAC protocol specifies the process that vehicles access a channel. In traffic scenarios the topology of vehicular networks changes dynamically. This characteristic makes the performance of the 802.11p MAC protocol change in real time. It is difficult to analyze the real-time performance of the 802.11p MAC protocol in dynamical traffic scenarios. This project aims to present the real-time performance analysis scheme for the 802.11p MAC protocol in dynamical traffic scenarios. The main contents include the following 3 parts. (1) Constructing a mobility model for the dynamical network topology characteristic in mobility scenarios using the fluid conservation principle, and then presenting a real-time performance analysis scheme for the 802.11p MAC protocol using the point-wise stationary approximation method. (2) Constructing a mobility model for the non-stationary characteristic in platoon scenarios based on the intelligent driver car-following model, and then presenting the real-time performance analysis schemes for the 802.11p MAC protocol in intra-platoon and inter-platoon scenarios respectively. (3) Considering the rule of traffic lights, constructing a mobility model for the division and connection characteristics in traffic light scenarios, and then presenting a real-time performance analysis scheme for the 802.11p MAC protocol in traffic light scenarios. This project validates the effectiveness of the proposed performance analysis schemes through simulation method. The proposed performance analysis schemes have great significance on improving the performance analysis accuracy of MAC protocols in dynamic traffic scenarios.

802.11p标准是车载网络唯一通信标准，802.11p MAC协议规定车辆接入信道的方式。交通场景中车载网络拓扑动态变化，导致802.11p MAC协议性能实时变化，性能分析困难。本项目针对交通场景中网络拓扑动态变化特性，研究802.11p MAC协议实时性能分析方案。主要研究内容包括：（1）针对车辆移动场景网络拓扑动态变化特性，利用流量守恒原理构建移动模型，考虑802.11p MAC协议接入过程，采用逐点稳态近似方法提出实时性能分析方案。（2）针对车队场景的非稳态特性，利用智能驾驶模型建立移动模型，提出队内和队间通信场景中实时性能分析方案。（3）针对交通灯场景的网络分割和连通特性，考虑交通灯规则建立移动模型，提出交通灯场景中实时性能分析方案。在研究中采用理论分析和仿真相结合的方法验证性能分析方案的有效性。本项目提出的性能分析方案对提高动态交通场景中MAC协议性能分析精度具有重要意义。

802.11p标准是车载网络广泛使用的通信标准，802.11p MAC协议规定车辆接入信道的方式。交通场景中车载网络拓扑动态变化，导致802.11p MAC协议性能实时变化，性能分析困难。本项目针对交通场景中网络拓扑动态变化特性，研究802.11p MAC协议实时性能分析方案。主要研究内容包括：（1）针对车辆移动场景网络拓扑动态变化特性，利用流量守恒原理构建移动模型，考虑802.11p MAC协议接入过程，采用逐点稳态近似方法提出实时性能分析方案。（2）针对车队场景的非稳态特性，利用智能驾驶模型建立移动模型，提出队内和队间通信场景中实时性能分析方案。（3）针对交通灯场景的网络分割和连通特性，考虑交通灯规则建立移动模型，提出交通灯场景中实时性能分析方案。..本课题采用流量守恒、逐点稳态近似等方法对车辆移动场景、车队场景和交通灯场景中802.11p MAC协议进行建模，并采用仿真软件验证了建立模型的准确性，最后使用建立的模型对802.11p MAC协议在三个场景中的性能进行分析，发现802.11p MAC协议能够满足这三个场景的通信需求。本项目提出的性能分析方案对提高动态交通场景中MAC协议性能分析精度具有重要意义。