功能性离子液体萃取分离宏量钨钼的热力学和动力学机理研究

The macro tungsten and molybdenum separation technology has limited our country high molybdenum tungsten resource efficient development and utilization. Against the status of the existing tungsten and molybdenum separation technology is difficult to effectively deal with macro amount tungsten and molybdenum, this project based on the existing tungsten and molybdenum extractants, designed and synthesized a series of new task special ionic liquid extractants; researching tungsten and molybdenum extraction and separation performance and interfacial properties using task special ionic liquid being synthesized as extractants, screening task special ionic liquid extractants with the industrial application prospect for macro tungsten and molybdenum extraction and separation; carrying out the thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism research for the tungsten and molybdenum extraction and separation using screening task special ionic liquids extractants. These researches start from the extractant design, preparation of new extractants for the tungsten and molybdenum separation, exploring new macro tungsten and molybdenum separation method. Through the thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism studies of tungsten and molybdenum extraction using task speical ionic liquid extractant, reveal the extraction mechanism and solve the extraction process control problems, provide a theoretical basis for task special ionic liquid extractants being used in macro tungsten and molybdenum extraction separation industrial applications, and promote the efficient development and utilization of high molybdenum tungsten resources.

宏量钨钼分离技术缺乏已成为限制我国高钼钨资源高效开发利用的瓶颈。针对现有钨钼分离工艺难以有效处理宏量钨钼的现状，本项目以现有钨钼萃取剂为基础，设计制备一系列新型功能性离子液体萃取剂；以制备的功能性离子液体为萃取剂，研究它们萃取分离宏量钨钼的性能和界面性质，筛选对宏量钨钼萃取分离具有工业应用前景的功能性离子液体；对筛选的功能性离子液体进行钨钼萃取分离热力学和动力学机理研究。以上研究内容从萃取剂结构设计入手，制备新型钨钼分离萃取剂，探索宏量钨钼分离新方法，通过对功能性离子液体萃取分离钨钼热力学和动力学机理的研究，揭示萃取机理，解决萃取过程控制问题，为功能离子液体萃取剂在宏量钨钼萃取分离领域的工业应用提供理论依据，推动我国高钼钨资源的高效开发利用。

宏量钨钼分离技术缺乏已成为限制我国高钼钨资源高效开发利用的瓶颈。针对现有钨钼分离工艺难以有效处理宏量钨钼的现状，本项目以现有钨钼萃取剂为基础，设计制备16种功能性离子液体萃取剂；研究它们萃取分离钨钼的性能，并筛选[A336][DODDGA]和[P66614][DODDGA]两种功能性离子进行钨钼萃取分离机理和热力学进行研究，对[P66614][DODDGA]萃取钨动力学机制进行研究。研究表明，[A336][DODDGA]和[P66614][DODDGA]萃去钨钼的机理为中性络合机理，[A336][DODDGA]萃钨的萃合物中，[A336][DODDGA]与H2W12O4210-的摩尔比为1.5:1，[P66614][DODDGA]萃钨的萃合物中，[P66614][DODDGA]与H2W12O4210-的摩尔比为2:1，[P66614][DODDGA]萃钼的萃合物中[P66614][DODDGA]与MoO22+的比为2.5:1。 [P66614][DODDGA]萃取钨动力学研究表明，萃取动力学机制为混合化学反应控制机制。在中性条件下[P66614][DODDGA] 萃取分离钨钼的分离系数为18.61，[A336][DODDGA]萃取分离钨钼的分离系数为40.34。以上研究结果说明，从萃取剂结构设计入手，制备新型钨钼分离萃取剂，进行宏量钨钼分离研究，能够为功能离子液体萃取剂在宏量钨钼萃取分离领域的工业应用提供理论依据，推动我国高钼钨资源的高效开发利用。