多层次灰色GERT网络背景的复杂装备再制造生产进度协同优化研究

Complex equipment remanufacturing is currently being implemented to support manufacturing, which has become a strategic choice for countries all over the world. The most important issue of complex equipment remanufacturing is to make an optimization production schedule coordination plan. A multi-layer grey GERT network model for production schedule coordination is innovatively proposed. Critical schedule chain of a multi-layer grey GERT network for one project is idendified based on a successive substitution identification model, which is with a dual identification situation. With its help, optimized production buffers are determined. On basis of it, critical scheduling chain coordination plan of multi-layer grey GERT networks for multi-project is investigated based on conflict resolution of bottleneck resource. A multi-stage decision model with two-level hierarchical structure is constructed and an ant system algorithm with master-slave structure is proposed for making an optimized production schedule coordination plan. A schedule monitoring and warning mechanism for the MLG-GERT network of complex equipment remanufacturing is established by analyzing a trend graph of critical schedule chain. A dynamic rescheduling model for obtaining production schedule coordination plan is then put forward for different emergency situations. Finally, production schedule coordination of China's aero engine remanufacturing is selected as a case, in which the models and its solution algorithm are examined and modified so as to ensure that research results are valuable for providing a technical support for complex equipment remanufacturing.

复杂装备再制造是制造的有益补充，能够显著缩短生产周期、有效节约生产成本与资源，已成为世界各国的战略选择。再制造生产进度协同优化方案制订是复杂装备再制造的首要关键问题。本项目设计复杂装备再制造生产进度协同多层次灰色GERT网络框架(MLG-GERT)；构建双情境逐级迭代辨识模型识别单项目复杂装备再制造MLG-GERT网络的关键进度链，确定最佳生产缓冲；基于瓶颈资源冲突消解研究多项目复杂装备再制造MLG-GERT网络的关键进度链协同优化问题，构造多级两层次递阶决策模型并设计主、从结构多种群蚁群算法求解关键进度链协同优化计划，设定多项目最佳生产缓冲；运用关键进度链动态趋势图实现生产进度协同MLG-GERT网络实时进度监测与预警，进而研究面向突发需求的生产进度协同计划动态调整与优化重排问题；最后以航空发动机再制造生产进度协同为例，验证模型与算法有效性，为我国复杂装备再制造计划管理提供技术方法支持。

复杂装备再制造具有如下典型特征：一是生产多层次化。由于复杂装备组成系统众多、产品结构复杂，具有典型的层次化生产特征；二是生产所需关键数据具有很强随机性。航空发动机因使用情况(包括使用环境、使用工况、使用频度与使用时间)存在差异，造成其损伤程度不同，其再制造工艺路线及工作所需工时具有很强随机性。由于上述典型特征的存在，导致企业无法有效开展复杂装备再制造项目的关键链辨识与最优生产缓冲设计。因此，企业迫切需要开展复杂装备再制造进度协同优化研究。. 本项目以X公司V型航空发动机为对象，主要开展航空发动机再制造生产进度协调优化研究。论文的主要研究内容如下：首先分析了该型航空发动机再制造进度管控的现状及其存在的主要问题；其次，结合主要问题，构建了V型航空发动机再制造多层次GERT网络(Multi-layer Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique Network，简称ML-GERT网络)；第三，构建了双情境逐级迭代辨识模型识别该再制造协同ML-GERT网络的关键进度链；提出了有机融合资源紧张度、工作关键度和工作位置权重系数的改进根方差法，设计了该再制造进度协同ML-GERT网络的最优生产缓冲(包括项目缓冲与汇入缓冲)；最后，采用关键进度链动态趋势图，实现再制造协同ML-GERT网络的实时进度监测与动态调整。此外，本项目结合再制造企业实际需求，增加了新研究内容“制造/再制造混合系统运营决策与物流优化”。 . 本项目研究建立了一套较为系统完整的复杂装备再制造生产进度协同管控体系，能够为再制造企业协同管控生产进度提供总体解决方案和决策参考依据，整体提升企业的生产进度管理能力与水平。