具有温度响应“呼吸”气孔的储热调温复合膜的设计合成与微结构调控

Investigation and design of thermo-regulated composite membrane with temperature-sensitive stomata are important issues for approaching multiple functional intelligent materials applied in the textile and clothing field. Taking composite membrane with two-layer structure as the object, we will explain clearly the influence factors on phase-change thermo-regulated properties, temperature-sensitive water vapor permeability, heat transfer efficiency and mechanical properties from multi-scale aspect, then regulate and optimize the relationship of these parameters according to the feedback results. The ongoing research are mainly focused on the followings: (1) we plan to modulate the microstructure and metal-ion ligands of the micro/nanoencapsulated phase change material (Micro/NanoPCMs), and investigate the fabrication of nonwoven webs using well-matched Micro/NanoPCMs and fiber-forming polymer solution with solution blow spinning technique, then we can obtain energy-storage thermo-regulated nonwoven fabric with cooperative complex structure, and determine the effect criterion of cooperative metal-ion complex on the interface of capsule/fiber matrix and thermal properties; (2) A series of polyurethane with various crystallizable soft chains will be designed and synthesized, and then constructed on the outer surface of thermo-regulated nonwoven fabric to form temperature-sensitive “breathable” membrane. The influence of these parameters such as crystallizable chains structure, block length and content on the temperature-sensitive properties as well as permeability coefficient of simulated body steam would be determined also. In addition, the microstructure and the thickness of membrane will be regulated to enhance the mechanical properties. The aim of our project is to design and synthesize intelligent composite membrane, exhibiting the well-integrated of thermo-regulated properties and temperature-sensitive water vapor permeability under dynamic and static state in microclimate as well as excellent mechanical properties.

研究并设计具有温度响应气孔的储热调温复合膜，对开发多功能智能服用材料有重要意义。本项目以双层叠加结构的复合膜为对象，从多级尺度上研究其相变储热调温、温度响应透气性、换热效率及力学性能的影响因素，并依据反馈结果调控各参数实现最优化设计合成。拟开展以下研究：（1）对相变储能微纳胶囊囊壁的微观结构及金属配体基团进行调控，探究与高分子匹配溶液经喷射直接成网，制备具有协同金属配合结构的储热调温非织造布，确立金属配合结构对胶囊/纤维基体间异质界面结合性能及热性能的影响关系；（2）设计合成具有不同结晶软链段的聚氨酯，并将其构筑在非织造布外表面形成具有温度响应性的“呼吸”透气膜。研究并明确可结晶软链段结构、嵌段尺度、含量等与温度响应性及模拟人体蒸气透过系数的影响关系，并调控膜微观结构与厚度等以提升复合膜力学性能。本项目旨在实现动静态微环境中复合膜的储热调温性能、温度响应透气性及力学性能的协同优化。

本项目研究并设计了具有温度响应气孔的储热调温复合膜，具体以双层叠加结构的复合膜为对象，从多级尺度上研究了其相变储热调温、温度响应透气性、换热效率及力学性能的影响因素，并依据反馈结果对各参数进行了优化设计合成。具体进行了以下研究：对三类相变储能微纳胶囊囊壁的微观结构及金属配体基团进行调控，包括氨基树脂囊壁、丙烯酸酯共聚物囊壁和聚氨酯囊壁，并合成了具有温敏指示功能的相变储能材料微纳米胶囊，焓值可达151.6J/g，与高分子匹配溶液混合进行静电纺丝成网，制备储热调温非织造布，确立了金属配合结构对胶囊/基体间异质界面结合性能及热性能的影响关系；设计合成了多种具有不同结晶软链段的聚氨酯，并将其构筑在非织造布外表面形成具有温度响应性的“呼吸”透气膜，制备得到了具有温度响应“呼吸”气孔的储热调温变色复合膜，它可以阻止水滴透过，而允许水蒸气透过，当外界温度高于35 oC 时，复合膜的WVP 迅速从72.58 g/m2•24h•mmHg上升到183.36 g/m2•24h•mmHg。研究并明确了可结晶软链段结构、嵌段尺度、含量等与温度响应性及模拟人体蒸气透过系数的影响关系，并调控膜微观结构、表面修饰基团及厚度等提升复合膜力学性能等。