中国广义金星尺蛾族分类与分子系统学研究

The tribe Abraxini (sensu lato) is a difficult group in Ennominae, and a lot of members of the tribe are important agriculture and forestry pests. This project is proposed to study the taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Chinese Abraxini (sensu lato). At present, there are a large number of Chinese species have not been identified and described, and the phylogenetic relationships among genera of the tribe is unclear. The objectives of this project are: to provide a thorough systematic study of Chinese Abraxini (sensu lato), to describe new taxa and recognize about 160 to 180 species; to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within Abraxini (sensu lato) and resolve the monophyly and the validity of some genera within Abraxini (sensu lato); to summarize diagnostic characters of Abraxini (sensu lato) by a comparative morphological study of the tribe, and map these characters onto the phylogenetic tree to select useful diagnostic characters of the tribe, and then construct a new classification system of the tribe by combining morphological study and molecular phylogeny. The results will discover the biodiversity status of Abraxini (sensu lato) in China, provide helpful reference for defining other tribes of Ennominae, and play an important role in the study of fauna of Chinese Lepidoptera, zoogeography and pest control.

广义金星尺蛾族是灰尺蛾亚科系统分类学研究中的一个疑难类群，很多种类是农林业的重要害虫。本项目拟针对广义金星尺蛾族有大量中国的物种尚未整理鉴定的现状和该族属间系统发育关系不清的现象，开展中国广义金星尺蛾族的分类与分子系统学研究。将系统厘定中国广义金星尺蛾族的属种，描述新分类单元，掌握物种160至180种；探讨广义金星尺蛾族各属间的系统发育关系，解决该族及部分属的单系性和有效性问题；通过比较形态学研究，归纳广义金星尺蛾族的鉴别特征，再将这些特征对应到系统发育树上，筛选出有效的族级鉴别特征，进而以形态学和分子系统学相结合的方法建立该族新的分类系统。本项研究结果将摸清中国广义金星尺蛾族昆虫物种多样性资源状况，为灰尺蛾亚科内其他族的划分提供借鉴，对于中国鳞翅目区系研究、动物地理学研究和害虫防治均有十分重要的意义。

广义金星尺蛾族隶属于鳞翅目尺蛾科灰尺蛾亚科，世界广布且很多种类为农林业经济植物的重要害虫。针对广义金星尺蛾族分类系统混乱、系统发育关系不清等问题，本项目按计划开展了广义金星尺蛾族的分类与分子系统学研究。完成了对中国广义金星尺蛾族属种的系统厘定工作，建立了物种名录。共完成26属185种的分类学工作，包括物种的鉴定、描述、引证、解剖、拍照、记录检视标本等；发现17个新种，12个新组合，1个属级新异名，2个种级新异名，10个中国新纪录种。选取了广义金星尺蛾族代表属种20属92种，选用了1个线粒体基因（COI）、4个核基因（EF-1α、RpS5、CAD和GAPDH）进行了广义金星尺蛾族系统发育关系研究，结果支持广义金星尺蛾族的单系性，墟尺蛾族是一个多系，其与异形尺蛾族和玛尺蛾族均应归入广义金星尺蛾族；阐释了广义金星尺蛾族内各属之间的系统发育关系；证实了锦尺蛾属不是单系，丽尺蛾属和辉尺蛾属是有效属，双线尺蛾属是丽尺蛾属的异名。通过比较形态学研究，获得了该族有效的族级鉴别特征，即雄外生殖器具深分叉的抱器瓣。通过本项目的实施，我们摸清了我国广义金星尺蛾族昆虫的物种多样性资源状况，为灰尺蛾亚科内其他族的划分提供了借鉴，推动了世界鳞翅目区系研究，同时推进了国际上对尺蛾科甚至鳞翅目亲缘关系的认识。已发表标注SCI源期刊论文5篇。