基于分布式预测控制的多式联运网络集装箱流协调优化调度方法研究

Cooperative transport planning is one of the keys for enhancing the planning efficiency of container intermodal transport. Transport network modeling, coordinated optimization and planning, and dynamic distributed optimization are the most urgent issues to be addressed for performing an efficient cooperative planning. This project investigates cooperative planning problems among multiple transport operators in container intermodal transport. Specifically, the main contents of this project include: 1) Analyze the basic characteristics of intermodal transport networks and the evolution law of traffic flows within the networks, introduce the mode split rate target to deal with environmental issues, and establish a mathematical model for intermodal transport networks; 2) Reveal the coordination mechanisms and the information sharing methods among transport operators, design the objective function of the cooperative planning, transform the container flow interacting relations and the overall modal split rate target into coupling constraints among the planning problems of different transport operators, and propose a coordinated optimization and planning approach for container flows in intermodal transport networks based on distributed model predictive control strategy; 3) Develop fast alternating direction method of multipliers methods, design the dynamic adjustment mechanism for the mode split rate target between successive planning instances in the cooperative planning process, and then obtain a distributed optimization method being capable of dealing with time-varying coupling constraints. 4) Determine the performance evaluation indices for cooperative planning, construct cooperative planning scenarios, and conduct simulation verification of the proposed coordinated optimization and planning approach. This project will provide theoretical foundation and efficient methods for implementing cooperative transport planning among multiple transport operators in an efficient manner.

多承运人联合调度是提高集装箱多式联运运营效率的关键之一。运输网络建模、协调优化调度和动态分布式优化，是实现高效联合调度急需解决的难点。本项目针对集装箱多式联运中多承运人联合调度问题，开展如下研究：1）分析多式联运网络基本特征和交通流演化规律，采用运输方式分担率目标来处理环境影响，建立多式联运网络数学模型；2）揭示多承运人间协同关系形成机理和信息共享方式，设计联合调度目标函数，构建实现多承运人间的集装箱流交互和整体运输方式分担率目标的耦合关系, 设计基于分布式模型预测控制策略的集装箱流协调优化调度方法；3）开发快速交替方向乘子算法，设计相邻调度时刻的运输方式分担率目标动态调整机制，得到适应时变耦合约束的分布式优化算法，并进行收敛性分析；4）制定联合调度效果评价指标、构建调度案例，进行协调优化调度方法仿真验证。本项目研究为集装箱多式联运中多承运人间实施高效的联合调度提供理论支撑和有效方法。

本项目围绕集装箱多式联运中多承运人联合调度问题开展了深入研究。项目创新性工作主要包括以下3个方面：1）建立了考虑运输方式分担率目标实现的多式联运调度问题数学模型，并根据我国多式联运网络实例进行仿真分析研究；2）利用连续周期性时变或静态局部预测周期约束逼近全局运输方式分担率约束目标，给出了保守、松弛和组合共计三种模型预测控制框架下的运输方式分担率目标实现策略，设计了适应时变耦合约束的分布式优化算法，提出基于分布式模型预测控制的多式联运网络集装箱流协调优化调度方法；3）开展了基于优化和模型预测控制框架的无人系统感知与规划控制方法研究工作。本项目所取得的研究成果有助于推动集装箱多式联运调度方法的发展，并为提升集装箱多式联运调度性能和无人系统感知与作业能力提供技术支撑。