基于液面放电等离子体-光催化协同作用的制药废水处理技术研究

Research results have shown that a lot of synthetic drugs would show some persistent pollution characteristics in the environment. To ensure the safety of pharmaceutical wastewater discharge, this project plans to study the degradation effect of water surface discharge plasma–photocatalysis synergistic system to ibuprofen residues in the pharmaceutical wastewater. Pointing at the key scientific issues for this process, this project focuses on the synergy mechanism of water surface discharge plasma-photocatalysis system and the mechanism, the reaction kinetics and the mass transfer-reaction process of ibuprofen degradation. Through in-depth comparison of essential differences between water surface discharge and gas phase discharge and in-water discharge, the discharge process and the plasma producing mechanism will be cleared. Overall considering the impact of electric discharge on the photocatalyst, the impact of photocatalyst on the electric discharge process and the impact of photocatalyst on the aqueous active substances, the synergistic mechanism of the water surface discharge plasma-photocatalysis system will be revealed. Using various analytical methods, the mechanism, the reaction kinetics and the mass transfer-reaction process of ibuprofen degradation will be elucidated. Finally, combining the above findings, the mathematical model of the overall reaction will be established, which could provide theoretical and design bases for the industrial application and provide references for other wastewater treatments.

研究表明，很多化学合成药物在环境中都表现出一定的持久性污染特性。为确保制药废水的排放安全，本项目以布洛芬为代表对象，研究液面放电等离子体-光催化协同作用体系对制药废水中残留药物的降解作用。针对这一过程的关键科学问题，重点研究液面放电等离子体-光催化协同作用机制和布洛芬降解的机理、反应动力学及传质-反应过程。通过深入对比液面放电与单纯气相和液相放电的本质区别，明确液面放电的放电过程和等离子体化学效应；综合考虑放电对光催化剂的影响、光催化剂对放电过程的影响和光催化剂对液相活性物质的影响，揭示液面放电等离子体-光催化协同作用机理；采用多方面的分析手段，阐明该体系中布洛芬降解的机理、反应动力学和传质-反应过程。最后，总结上述几方面研究结果，建立总反应宏观数学模型，为该工艺的工业应用提供理论基础和设计依据，并为其他种类废水的处理提供方法和工艺借鉴。

本项目研究了基于高压放电等离子体与紫外可见光催化协同作用的废水处理技术。在降膜放电反应器和线-板放电反应器中研究了等离子体对废水中布洛芬的去除作用，明确了高压放电去除布洛芬的反应机理和反应动力学。以线-板放电反应器和曝气式沿面介质阻挡放电为基础，结合g-C3N4光催化剂，构建了等离子体/光催化协同水处理系统，研究了协同作用系统对废水中布洛芬的去除作用。更进一步的，将g-C3N4光催化剂负载于Al2O3载体上，构建了等离子体/负载型光催化剂协同处理布洛芬废水，验证了该处理系统的可行性。通过检测等离子体/g-C3N4光催化剂体系下水中的O3、H2O2等活性物质，初步得出了g-C3N4光催化剂在等离子体/光催化体系中的作用。通过对比分析等离子体处理前后g-C3N4催化性能、物理性质、化学性质的变化，明确了等离子体对g-C3N4光催化剂的影响。除此之外，开发了液滴诱导液面放电反应器和液体电极狭缝式介质阻挡放电反应器，并成功地用于废水中布洛芬去除。本项目的研究结果为进一步研究及应用等离子体/光催化协同作用体系奠定了基础。