综合交通枢纽诱发环境振动激励、传播和形成机制研究

Comprehensive transport junction is a large scale and a new type of infrastructure which is composed of various kinds of transportation means such as high speed railway, conversional railway, urban mass transit and public transportation. With the rapid promotion of national urbanization, construction of the comprehensive transport junction is entered into a period of fast development. However, problem of environmental vibration induced by the comprehensive transport junction has been increasingly standing out. By means of theoretical analysis, numerical computation and site test, a model for analysis of the whole coupling system composed with diversified transport vehicles, junction structure, ground and neighboring buildings, a model for analysis of the local coupling system composed with train, tunnel and junction structure, and a model for analysis of the local coupling system composed with buses, road and junction structure, are developed. Effective numerical algorithm is investigated for solving dynamic responses of the large structure based on the sub-structure method, the finite element parallel scheme, and the coupling technique of the finite elements with the boundary elements. Environmental vibration stimulation, transmission and generation mechanism induced by the comprehensive transport junction are studied in the medium and low frequency domain (less than 200Hz). Local vibration characteristics, frequency responses, resonance mechanism and influencing factors in the key structure of the comprehensive transport junction are analyzed. Relationship between the environmental vibration of the comprehensive transport junction and the various kinds of transportation means are investigated. Based on above researches, method for prediction of the environmental vibration induced by the comprehensive transport junction will be presented. The research result will presents an important guidance to structure design and vibration prediction of the new comprehensive transport junction under construction, and to vibration control of the existing comprehensive transport junction.

综合交通枢纽是集高铁、普铁、轨道交通、公共交通等多种运输方式为一体的新型大型基础设施。随着我国城市化进程的快速推进，综合交通枢纽进入了一个快速发展期。但由此而引起的环境振动问题也日益突出。本课题拟采用理论分析、数值计算和现场测试相结合的方法，建立全局混合交通工具-枢纽结构-大地-周边建筑群，和局部列车-轨道-隧道-枢纽结构及公共汽车-道路-枢纽结构耦合模型，探索基于子结构法、有限元并行算法，及有限元与边界元耦合法求解大型结构动力响应的有效数值方法，研究中低频范围（200Hz以内）综合交通枢纽诱发环境振动激励、传播和形成机制，分析综合交通枢纽关键结构局部振动特性、频谱响应、共振机理及影响因素，研究综合交通枢纽环境振动与各种交通工具的相关性。在此基础上提出综合交通枢纽诱发环境振动预测方法。研究成果对于新建综合交通枢纽结构设计和振动预测，对于既有综合交通枢纽振动控制，具有重要的指导作用。

综合交通枢纽是集高铁、普铁、轨道交通、公共交通等多种运输方式为一体的新型大型基础设施。本项目取得的主要成果如下：.（1）轨道不平顺时域特征及反演方法.研究了用计算机模拟线路空间不平顺样本的有效数值方法，提出了基于小波分析的轨道不平顺时域波形反演方法。.（2）地铁环境振动频域—波数域比例边界有限元法.通过建立地铁环境振动数学模型，将半无限弹性空间动力学方程进行Fourier变换，在变换域内沿隧道径向采用比例坐标，环向采用有限元离散，推导了频域—波数域比例边界有限元方程。采用高频渐近展开和Fourier逆变换得到系统的时域响应。该方法极大提高了计算效率和计算精度。.（3）南昌西站环境振动现场测试.对南昌西站进行现场实测，试验分析了站台、候车室、休息大厅等关键节点的振动特性。结论如下：列车进出站时引起候车厅振动Z振级最大值低于环境振动标准；候车厅振动加速度峰值满足舒适度要求。随着离开轨道中心线距离的增大，列车引起车站大楼各层楼板关键点的振动响应呈指数衰减，高频衰减快，低频衰减慢，在距离轨道中心线30m-48m的区域出现振动放大区。.（4）南昌西站车站大楼结构振动响应和影响因素分析.通过建立高铁（地铁）—轨道—车站大楼耦合系统分析模型，考虑不同列车工况，分析了车站大楼结构振动响应和影响因素。研究表明：正线列车引起的振动大于到发线列车引起的振动；双线行车引起的振动约为单线行车的两倍；列车引起的垂向振动大于横向振动。.（5）南昌西站人行荷载激励下车站大楼结构振动响应分析.考虑人行荷载同频率同相位和同频率不同相位的作用，分析了人行荷载引起的车站大楼结构振动响应。研究表明人流密集和人群同步调作用影响大，进出站口和商业区的振动响应比候车区响应大。.（6）综合交通枢纽环境振动评价标准.针对综合交通枢纽客流量大、行车密度高、车辆类型复杂、地下地面高架及全天候行车的特点，提出综合交通枢纽环境振动评价可采用轨道交通环境振动评价指标和评价标准，但限值可放宽5dB。