“环境—遗传”交互作用对老年认知功能与心理健康影响研究

China is now facing a serious aging problem as well as the increasing population of the oldest old. With socioeconomic development and improvement in the health care system, the physical health of the elderly has been greatly improved. However, due to the complicated influence of environmental and individual factors, cognitive impairment and mental health problem including depression are becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to propose more accurate and effective health intervention plans through analysis on the internal (genetic) and external (environmental) factors that affect the cognitive function and mental health of the elderly in China as well as the mechanism under which they interactively play their roles. This research, based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), studies the overall characteristics of the population carrying the genes that affect the cognitive function and mental health of the elderly. We mainly focus on the interactive effects between related gene and external environment including air pollution and community security, as well as individual factors such as diet, exercise, social interaction and stress. Policy implications and according recommendations will also be provided.

中国已进入人口老龄化与老年人口高龄化的快车道。随着我国社会经济发展与医疗卫生水平的不断提高，老年人的生理健康状况有了普遍的改善。但相比之下，受环境与个体等因素的复杂影响，老年人认知功能受损与抑郁等心理健康问题日趋凸显。因此，通过深入剖析影响中国老年认知功能与心理健康的内（遗传）外（环境）因以及两者之间交互作用机制，提出更加精准有效的健康干预方案，无疑对推动健康中国建设，实现健康老龄化有着重要的科学与战略意义。本课题利用“中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查”大样本跟踪调查和基因分型数据，在系统考察影响中国老年人认知功能与心理健康风险基因及携带人群的总体特征的基础上，从“环境—遗传”交互作用视角，重点探究空气污染、社区安全等外部环境和饮食、锻炼、社会交往以及生活压力等个体行为因素同相关基因型之间交互作用对老年认知及心理健康的影响效果及作用机制。进而提出有效的老年疾病预防和精准健康干预方案及政策建议。

中国人口老龄化与高龄化进程不断加速。同时，随着中国社会经济发展与医疗卫生水平的不断提高，老年人的生理健康状况得到普遍改善。但受环境与个体等因素的复杂影响，老年人认知功能受损与抑郁等健康问题日趋凸显。因此，通过深入剖析影响中国老年认知功能与心理健康的内（遗传）外（环境）因以及两者之间交互作用机制，提出更加精准有效的健康干预方案，对于推动健康中国建设，实现健康老龄化有着重要的科学和战略意义。本课题利用“中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查”，系统考察影响中国老年人认知功能与心理健康的内外部因素，包括空气污染、社区安全等外部环境和饮食、锻炼、社会交往以及生活压力等个体行为因素和作用机制；并从“环境—遗传”交互作用视角，探究相关因素与基因型之间交互作用，进而提出有效的老年疾病预防和健康干预方案及政策建议。