高压气体管道爆裂冲击振动效应形成机制和传播规律

Pipeline transportation is a significant way to transport national strategic energy, including natural gas and petrol. China's current total mileage of natural gas pipeline has reached 85,000 kilometers. However, in recent years, unexpected burst of the pipeline gave rise to frequent environmental accidents as well as destruction of the structures which caused great social impact and heavy economic losses. Hence, studying the key scientific problems about pipeline burst safety is rather urgent. This research will carry on study which centers on two scientific issues. The first one is “Gas-Pipeline-Soil” multi-medium interaction mechanical behavior and the second is “Fluctuation-Medium-Structure” multi-body disturbance coupling mechanism. The main contents are as follows: the conversion process of the energy that was applied to the soil medium by high-pressure gas when the pipe burst; the process that impact loading evolved into pipe-burst excited wave; the internal relations between geotechnical properties and fluctuations; structural dynamic response and damage under the fluctuating condition. The study adopts the advanced theories, such as the whole effectiveness of the thermodynamic theory, discontinuous medium mechanics and explosion fracture mechanics, etc. The study uses numerical simulation platform including FLUENT, ABAQUS etc. At the same time, the study also integrated a variety of experimental methods such as model test, small size shrink ratio test and full size prototype test. Research results would reveal the formation mechanism and propagation law of pipe-burst damage effects and have theoretical significance and application value for pipeline safety engineering and seismic design of nearby structures.

管道输送是天然气、石油等国家战略能源转运的重要方式之一。我国现有天然气管道总里程已达8.5万公里。但近年来由于管道意外爆炸导致环境和结构物破坏事故频发，造成重大影响和损失，因此，研究管道爆炸安全关键科学问题十分迫切。课题围绕“气体-管道-岩土”多介质相互作用力学行为和“波动-介质-结构”多体扰动耦合机制两个科学问题开展研究，其内容涉及管体爆裂时高压气体膨胀作用于岩土介质的能量转换、冲击荷载演化成管爆激励波的过程、岩土性能与波动状态的内在联系，以及波动条件下结构动力响应与损伤等。课题研究综合应用整体热力学有效性理论、不连续介质力学、爆炸及断裂力学等，采用基于Fluent、Abaqus等平台的数值仿真计算技术，以及模型试验、小尺寸缩比和全尺寸原型试验相结合的全方位实验手段。成果将揭示管道爆炸破坏效应的形成机理和传播规律，对管道安全技术及管线附近结构物抗震设计具有理论指导意义和工程应用价值。

管道输送是天然气、石油等国家战略能源转运的重要方式之一。我国现有天然气管道总里程已达8.5万公里。但近年来由于管道意外爆炸导致环境和结构物破坏事故频发，造成重大影响和损失，因此，研究管道爆炸安全关键科学问题十分迫切。本课题围绕“气体-管道-岩土”多介质相互作用力学行为和“波动-介质-结构”多体扰动耦合机制两个科学问题开展研究。综合应用整体热力学有效性理论、不连续介质力学、爆炸及断裂力学等，采用基于LS-dyna等平台的数值仿真计算技术，以及模型试验、小尺寸缩比和全尺寸原型试验相结合的全方位实验手段。通过研究对高压气体管体爆裂能量转换过程进行了深入分析，得到了管爆激励波作用的演化机制。对管道爆炸试验方法及试验实施工艺进行了探索和整理，攻克了一系列高压气体管道爆炸试验技术难题。通过实验数据分析，得到了高压气体管道爆炸振动能量的衰减规律及空间分布规律。结合MP算法与WVD分布，提高了振动时频分析算法的分辨率以及算法效率，得到了高压气体管道爆炸信号不同频率带上的相对能量分布和振动强度的时间变化规律。建立了爆破振动作用下管道动态响应数值计算模型，分析了不同裂纹位置对振动效应的影响规律。成果对管道安全技术及管线附近结构物抗震设计具有理论指导意义和工程应用价值。