复杂难处理钒钛磁铁矿微波热力辅助磨、选分离行为与强化机制研究

According to the characteristics of the complex hard-processing vanadium-titanium magnetite resources in China, aiming to improve beneficial components recovery of vanadium-titanium magnetite, surrounding key scientific issues of beneficial components strengthening migration and efficient separation in the process of microwave-assisted grinding and separation, using the combination of theoretical analysis and experimental research, macroscopic measurement and microstructure analysis method, the five research contents are carried out including the temperature characteristics and microwave electromagnetic characteristics of vanadium-titanium magnetite in the microwave field, updating of surface and interface and synchronization transformation rule of phase structure, magnetic transition behaviors and influence mechanisms under the condition of microwave irradiation, the influence and reinforcement of the microwave heating on dissociation properties and grinding behaviors of vanadium titanium magnetite, the synergies and reinforcement of selective grinding-separation process of valuable components in microwave field. The new microwave field strengthening methods aimed to improve the recovery ratio of beneficial components in vanadium titanium magnetite will be explored and the mechanisms of the microwave to mineral surface and interface will be clarified and the strengthening separation mechanisms of valuable components will be revealed. All the research above will build the basic theories of microwave-assisted grinding and separation and provide important theoretical and experimental support to strengthen higher efficiency and lower energy consumption utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite.

针对我国复杂难处理钒钛磁铁矿资源特点，以提高钒钛磁铁矿有价组元回收率为目标，围绕钒钛磁铁矿微波热力辅助磨、选分离过程有价组元强化迁移与高效分离的关键科学问题，采用理论分析和实验研究相结合、宏观测量与微观结构分析相结合的研究方法，重点开展钒钛磁铁矿在微波场中的升温特性与微波电磁特性、表/界面更新与相结构同步转化规律、微波辐照条件下的磁性转变行为及影响机制、微波对钒钛磁铁矿解离特性与磨细行为的影响与强化作用、微波对有价组元选择性分离的协同与强化作用五个方面的基础研究，探索旨在提高钒钛磁铁矿有价组元回收率的外场强化新方法，阐明微波对矿物表/界面的作用机理，揭示有价组元强化分离机制，构建钒钛磁铁矿微波辅助磨选分离基础理论体系，为我国钒钛磁铁矿资源的高效低耗利用奠定理论和实验基础。

钒钛磁铁矿是一种铁、钒和钛等多元素共伴生的矿产资源，我国45%钒和90%钛资源赋存其中，但由于其“贫、细、散、杂”的特点，导致磨矿和选别过程非常困难。现有的工艺条件下存在着有价元素利用率低，磨矿能耗高，环境负荷大等问题。本项目针对以上问题，提出了微波辅助磨选钒钛磁铁矿新技术，在钒钛磁铁矿工艺矿物学特性研究的基础上，分析了钒钛磁铁矿及其主要矿物的介电特性和升温特性，系统的研究了微波加热对矿石的助磨作用，探究了微波加热对磨矿产品特性的影响，并对比了微波处理前后选矿指标的变化，阐明了微波加热辅助钒钛磁铁矿磨选的机理。微波热力辅助磨选技术为我国钒钛磁铁矿的高效利用开辟了新的途径，对微波加热技术在钒钛磁铁矿选矿中的实际应用奠定了理论基础。