车间多污染源间歇性散发下的变排风量系统研究

China is the largest manufacturing country in the world, which is actively advocating clean production and green factories. Now the urgent need is to solve the current dilemma among health and safety problem for air environment, and the energy conservation in industrial workshop. This project focuses on the energy-saving ventilation needs for the manufacturing scenarios with multi-station, multi-equipment and multi-process. The study will take into account the non-steady-state ventilation mechanism for the coupling releasing of pollution and heat in workshop, the ventilation rate identification for intermittent releasing of multiple pollution sources and the reliability of variable air volume for the random operating of multi-terminals. We aim to put forward the branch-impedance balance theory and design methods for the centralized exhaust system, and to change the passive application of diversion device into initiative design. We propose an innovative variable air volume scheme based on the simple total air flow control method. It is expected to be widely used in the centralized exhaust system of workshops, with the reliable compensation coefficient of fan flow rate established. It does not need the the complicated static-pressure monitoring in the control process. Besides, we set up a new method for adjusting the operation-overlap rate of multi-pollution sources in automated workshops to derive the minimum design ventilation rate. This project is expected to obtain a set of new theory and technology for the ventilation control of complexed intermittent-released pollutants in the workshop. It can provide the basis for efficient collection and energy-saving treatment of pollutants in related industrial production processes.

我国是世界第一制造业大国，正积极倡导清洁生产和绿色工厂，急需破解当前工业车间空气环境健康、安全与节能控制的矛盾问题。本项目以多工位、多设备、多工序复杂污染散发过程节能化通风需求为核心，着眼车间污染与热伴随耦合过程的非稳态通风机制、多污染源间歇性散发的通风量辨识、随机多末端变排风量运行可靠性等三方面技术瓶颈；拟攻克集中排风系统支路阻抗平衡理论和方法，变常规导流装置被动式应用为主动式设计；创新地提出一种基于简易总风量控制法的变风量运行策略，建立风机风量安全补偿系数，摒弃掉复杂的静压监测过程，预期在车间集中排风系统中可有广泛应用；构思出面向自动生产车间多污染源运行重叠率的调制方法，实现对最小通风运行重叠率的合理寻优。项目研究有望获得一套具有较广适用性的多污染源间隙性散发下的通风控制理论及技术，为相关工业生产过程污染物的高效收集和节能处理提供依据。

我国是世界第一制造业大国，正积极倡导清洁生产和绿色工厂，急需破解车间空气环境健康、安全与节能控制的矛盾问题，并实现节能减排与“双碳”目标。本项目以多工位、多设备、多工序复杂污染散发过程节能化通风需求为核心，着眼车间污染与热伴随耦合过程的非稳态通风机制、多污染源间歇性散发的通风量辨识、随机多末端变排风量运行可靠性等三方面技术瓶颈，获得了以下研究成果：首先，针对典型车间污染散发过程，开发了热废分离高效捕集装置及循环浓缩收集技术，实现与工艺过程联动的按需节能高效通风；其次，创新研发了一种适用的、低成本的均匀排风装置，避免了繁复的调节阀动作，以及高阻力、昂贵的定风量阀的应用，攻克了集中排风系统支路阻抗平衡理论和方法，变常规导流装置被动式应用为主动式设计；再次，提出了基于蒙特卡洛模型的多污染源散发重叠率模型及设计同时系数计算方法，面向自动生产设备建立了优化调度模型，实现对最小通风运行重叠率的合理寻优；最后，针对系统运行提出了一种与均匀排风装置联合应用、基于简易总风量法的变风量开环控制运行策略，通过末端开启数量的监测实现系统快速、稳定的变频控制。本项目研究获得了一套具有较广适用性的多污染源间隙性散发下的通风控制理论、技术及装置，为相关工业生产过程污染物的高效收集和节能处理提供依据。