AGIL理论视域下易地扶贫搬迁的减贫长效机制研究

The project of settlements relocation is an effective ways to solve the poverty problem that “The local environment cannot support its inhabitants.” Its long-term mechanism plays a core role for guiding people including 12 million who has relocated and the 10 million one who will relocate during the "13th Five-Year" period. This project uses the AGIL function analysis, regional comparison and typical triangulates method, innovative applying the Parsons’s Structural Functionalism theory to China poverty alleviation mechanism poverty relocation, and selecting the empirical study area, then it focus on the following contents: 1)the construction of the "three elements of three coupling structure optimization" theory analysis to explore the mechanism of poverty area optimization framework, which Involving production, life and ecological spatial structure, factor structure and governance structure, take land as the core element essentially; 2)Using the international advanced AGIL theory for reference，it study the adaption, resettle the goal, integrate and maintain process mode, reveal the mechanism of dynamic effects on production and life ecology to be relocated after exploration the long-term mechanism of poverty; 3) Engage the empirical study and puts forward the improvement strategy. This research not only expands the theory of AGIL model application, modified AGIL, rich in poverty reduction theory China, more is carried out like a raging fire to resettle and precise poverty practice to provide scientific guidance, to promote the sustainable development of immigrants.

易地扶贫搬迁是解决“一方水土养不起一方人”的贫困突出问题，其长效机制对全国已搬迁的1200 万人和“十三五”期间将搬迁的1000万人有着十分重要的作用。本项目运用AGIL功能分析法、对比分析和三角互证法，创新性地将美国帕森斯的AGIL结构功能理论引入到中国易地扶贫搬迁的脱贫长效机制中，选取典型区域，进行以下研究：①构建“三要素耦合三结构优化”的理论分析新框架，以土地为核心要素，探索贫困地区生产、生活和生态的空间结构、要素结构和治理结构的优化机制；②借鉴国际前沿的AGIL理论，研究易地扶贫搬迁后的适应、目标达成 、整合和模式维持过程，揭示易地搬迁后对生产生活生态的动态影响机理，探索脱贫的长效作用机制；③实证研究并提出改善策略。本研究不仅从理论上拓展AGIL的运用范围、修正AGIL模型，丰富中国减贫理论，更能为正在如火如荼进行的易地扶贫搬迁和精准扶贫实践提供科学指引，促进搬迁对象可持续发展。

易地扶贫搬迁是解决“一方水土养不起一方人”的贫困突出问题，其长效机制对全国已搬迁的1200 万人和“十三五”期间将搬迁的1000万人有着十分重要的作用。本项目运用了AGIL功能分析法、典型区域对比和三角互证法，创新性地将美国帕森斯的AGIL结构功能理论引入到中国易地扶贫搬迁的脱贫长效机制中，选取实证江西赣州寻乌县、兴国县、吉安市吉安县等地为实证研究区域，进行以下内容研究：①构建了“既完成中央硬任务，又发展地方经济”的“双赢智慧策略”分析框架，揭示了地方政府是如何将易地搬迁、水库建设和加速城镇化等工作、发展需求嵌入到精准扶贫等国家战略的过程。②构建“三要素耦合三结构优化”的理论分析新框架，探索贫困地区生产、生活和生态的空间结构、要素结构和治理结构的优化机制；③借鉴国际前沿的AGIL理论，研究易地扶贫搬迁后的适应、目标达成 、整合和模式维持过程，揭示易地搬迁后对生产生活生态的动态影响机理，探索脱贫的长效作用机制；④紧扣了搬迁后的关键环节——产业选择作为研究对象，产业选择所代表的环境适应功能是产业扶贫长效运行的核心因素，而政府在尊重市场经济规律下发挥主导地位，并提升贫困户生产要素的参与则是产业扶贫发展的方向。⑤实证研究并提出扶贫搬迁后的社会融入、改善策略等。本研究不仅从理论上拓展AGIL的运用范围、修正AGIL模型，丰富中国减贫理论，也有效地将常见的中国案例及理论创新与西方进行了理论对话。为易地扶贫搬迁后的社会融入、巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，促进乡村振兴实践提供科学指引，对农村公共事务治理也提供了积极的借鉴和参考。