氰胶还原法制备三维多级微纳结构非贵金属催化剂及其在全水电解中的应用

The property of electrocatalyst is an important factor which affects the hydrogen production in water splitting. Designing a green and efficient electrocatalyst has become one of the key technologies which needs to be solved. This project intends to design and synthesize a series of cyanogels composed of non-noble metal compounds (Fe, Co, Ni, etc.). Depending on the unique network structure and intrinsic properties of cyanogels, the three-dimensional (3D) multi-level micro/nano structured non-noble metal-based alloy materials can be successfully obtained via cyanogel-reduction methods. By optimizing the synthesis conditions of cyanogels and choosing different reduction methods, the properties of the nanomaterials could be well to controlled. Combing with the morphology and structure analysis, we hope to understand the growth mechanism of metal nanoparticles during the reduction process and find out the key factors of morphology control. Then the obtained 3D nanomaterials are applied to the hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) to study their performance in water splitting. With the results obtained above, we intend to reveal the electrocatalytic mechanism of HER and OER using the unique structured nanomaterials and try to further improve their performance. The implementation of this project has great theoretical and practical significance for the development of new preparation metods for the high-performance three-dimensional multi-level micro/nano structured non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts in water splitting field.

电催化剂的效能是影响电解水制氢的重要因素，设计绿色高效的电解水催化剂已成为待解决的关键技术之一。本项目拟设计合成一系列由非贵金属配位化合物（Fe、Co、Ni等）构成的氰胶。利用氰胶的三维网络结构和氰胶固体属性，以氰胶为前驱体可控合成具有三维多级微纳结构的非贵金属合金材料。通过控制氰胶合成条件以及选择不同还原手段来优化产物结构和性能。在此基础上掌握还原过程中金属纳米粒子的生长机理及控制粒子形貌的关键因素，研究其在全水电解上的催化反应，构建新型高效稳定电解水材料。深入理解揭示非贵金属纳米材料对析氢和析氧反应的电催化机制，设计、构筑特殊形貌和特定组分的新型电解水材料，拓展其在不同介质下催化剂的催化性能，发展适应多种介质的高活性全水电解催化剂。本项目的实施对于发展新的高性能三维非贵金属电解水催化剂具有很好的理论和实践意义。

电催化剂的性能是影响电解水和锌空电池性能等绿色能源装置的重要因素，设计绿色高效经济的电催化剂已成为待解决的关键技术之一。本项目以具有三维固体属性的非贵金属配位聚合物氰胶为前驱体，通过对前驱体的改性以及还原手段的优化，从增大材料的活性位点，优化其电子结构，加快目标分子吸附/脱附等多个角度出发，设计并合成了多种绿色高效经济的纳米材料催化剂。阐明了实验条件对纳米材料形貌组织的影响，掌握还原过程中金属纳米粒子的生长机理及控制粒子形貌的关键因素。将其应用于电催化反应，在氧还原、析氧、析氢等反应中展现出优异的实用性，并构建了小型电解水和锌空电池装置，展现出一定的应用前景。在本项目的基金支持下，目前已累计发表相关SCI论文6篇，其中高被引2篇；获授权国家专利1个；参加国内会议并做分会报告1次；合作培养1名研究生。本项目的实施为高效电催化剂的制备合成提供了新的研制思路，对于发展新的高性能三维非贵金属催化剂、探索其在绿色能源领域中的应用提供了扎实的理论基础和实践意义。