特殊行政区划体制下新疆城市生长过程及其空间效应研究

Administrative division is an important institutional arrangement which has significant influence on urban development. The special administrative division system combined system of regional national autonomy and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) has an extremely profound impact on urban development and its spatial structure evolution in Xinjiang. A coordinated system is the essential issue of the overall situation of Xinjiang's stability and development. With the process of urbanization, the conflicts between regional integration and system of regional national autonomy, the contradictions between local cities and XPCC cities, the institutional barriers in the cross-border growth areas are increasingly prominent. The problems are even more complicated and sensitive when related to the ethnic minorities factors and stable factors. Systematic researches on such subjects are of highly theoretical contribution and practical value..Our research will be divided into the following steps. Firstly, formation and development of the special administrative division system will be analyzed. Secondly, we will analyze the formation and evolution of Xinjiang's urban system, and focus on the influence process of the special administrative division system. Thirdly, the growth, polarization and expansion of different kind of cites will be studied by the GIS spatial analysis. Also the general growth model of cities under different administrative division systems will be summed up. Fourthly, we will pay great attention to the cross-border growth areas, and simulate their spatial expansion under different situations using the CA models. Based on the simulations, we will discuss of the system conflict and obstacle. Additionally, some suggestions and related countermeasures about the adjustment of administrative division and cities spatial structure will be pointed out in the last part.

行政区划是对城市发展具有重要影响的制度安排。新疆“少数民族区域自治”制度和“新疆生产建设兵团”共生共存的特殊行政区划体制对新疆城市发展与空间结构演化产生了极为深远的影响，二者协调与否事关新疆稳定与发展的大局。随着城市化进程的推进，城市空间扩展及一体化与民族自治制度的冲突、地方与兵团城市之间的“兵地矛盾”、城市跨界增长地区面临的行政区划体制障碍等问题日益突出，这一系列问题因涉及民族与稳定因素变得复杂而敏感，该问题的研究具有重要的理论与现实意义。本研究从新疆特殊行政区划体制的形成与制度变迁入手，宏观上分析行政区划体制对新疆城市体系形成与演化的影响过程，中观尺度分析不同类型城市的生长-极化-扩张的内外部空间效应及其一般生长模式，微观尺度对城市跨界增长地区的增长模式进行模拟，并探讨其存在的制度冲突与体制障碍，最终基于兵地城市融合发展新疆提出城市空间结构优化的对策以及行政区划调整的路径措施。

行政区划是对城市发展具有重要影响的制度安排。新疆“行政区划体制对新疆城市发展与空间结构演化产生了极为深远的影响。本项目对新疆城镇发展与行政区划进行了系统的研究，包括：（1）研究了历史时期新疆主要行政区划体制及其对新疆城市发展的影响；（2）梳理了新疆生产建设兵团的城市发展政策及其阶段性特征；（3）分析了不同行政区划体制下城市发展的政策导向及其差异化比较；（4）总结了自然条件约束下的绿洲行政区划与城镇发展规律；（5）分析了不同行政区划之间的人口流动及其相关作用关系；（6）监测与评估了新疆各级行政区划的城市空间变化；（7）阐述了乌鲁木齐市为代表的新疆城市空间扩张的驱动因素及机理；（8）研判了新疆未来城镇发展与城市空间发展面临的挑战；（9）提出了新疆城镇体系顶层设计与 “安疆固土”城镇发展新格局的建议；（10）提出在南疆培育以库尔勒市为中心的百万人口都市圈的行政区优化建议；（11）系统总结了新疆绿洲特色行政区划与城镇发展的重点任务。项目已发表学术论文16篇，其中SCI/SSCI/6篇，在Journal of Urban Planning and Development、Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications、Remote Sensing等国际期刊上发表文章4篇，向国家提交咨询报告4份，其中核心参与的1份咨询报告得到总书记的批示，1份得到中办采纳和新疆自治区陈全国书记批示，另外2份已通过中科院提交，为未来新疆城市发展提供了重要的决策参考价值。